Sundaresan Sumi, Vijaikanth Vijendran
Department of Physical Sciences, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, 641114, Tamil Nadu, India.
Forensic Toxicol. 2025 Jan;43(1):1-21. doi: 10.1007/s11419-024-00696-y. Epub 2024 Aug 2.
Food forensics is an emerging field and the initial part of this review showcases the toxic effects and the instrumental methods applied for the detection of the most commonly used azo dyes. Electrochemical detection has a lot of advantages and hence the significance of the most important techniques used in the electrochemical detection is discussed. The major part of this review highlights the surface modified electrodes, utilized for the detection of the most important azo dyes to achieve low detection limit (LOD).
A thorough literature study was conducted using scopus, science direct and other scientific databases using specific keywords such as toxic azo dyes, electrochemical detection, modified electrodes, LOD etc. The recent references in this field have been included.
From the published literature, it is observed that with the growing interests in the field of electrochemical techniques, a lot of importance have been given in the area of modifying the working electrodes. The results unambiguously show that the modified electrodes outperform bare electrodes and offer a lower LOD value.
According to the literature reports it can be concluded that, compared to other detection methods, electrochemical techniques are much dependable and reproducible. The fabrication of the electrode material with the appropriate modifications is the main factor that influences the sensitivity. Electrochemical sensors can be designed to be more sensitive, more reliable, and less expensive. These sensors can be effectively used by toxicologists to detect trace amounts of harmful dyes in food samples.
食品法医鉴定是一个新兴领域，本综述的第一部分展示了最常用偶氮染料的毒性效应以及用于检测这些染料的仪器方法。电化学检测具有诸多优势，因此讨论了电化学检测中最重要技术的重要性。本综述的主要部分重点介绍了用于检测最重要偶氮染料以实现低检测限的表面修饰电极。
使用Scopus、ScienceDirect和其他科学数据库，通过“有毒偶氮染料”“电化学检测”“修饰电极”“检测限”等特定关键词进行了全面的文献研究。纳入了该领域的最新参考文献。
从已发表的文献中可以看出，随着对电化学技术领域兴趣的增加，工作电极修饰领域受到了极大重视。结果明确表明，修饰电极优于裸电极，且检测限更低。
根据文献报道可以得出结论，与其他检测方法相比，电化学技术更可靠且可重复。电极材料的适当修饰制备是影响灵敏度的主要因素。电化学传感器可以设计得更灵敏、更可靠且成本更低。毒理学家可以有效地使用这些传感器来检测食品样品中的痕量有害染料。
