Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding Reproduction and Molecular Design for Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
Poult Sci. 2024 Oct;103(10):104058. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.104058. Epub 2024 Jul 17.
In chicken, primordial germ cells (PGC) are crucial for the preservation and manipulation of genetic resources in poultry production. The HiS and FAcs culture systems are two important methods for the in vitro cultivation of chicken PGCs. The purpose of this study was to compare and analyze the two cultivation systems for PGCs (His and FAcs culture systems) to assess their efficacy and applicability in supporting PGC growth, maintaining PGC characteristics, and lineage transmission ability. The study found that both HiS and FAcs culture systems could maintain the basic biological characteristics of chicken PGCs, including the simultaneous expression of pluripotency and reproductive marker genes, as well as the presence of abundant glycogen granules. Subsequently, we identified 2,145 differentially expressed genes (DEG) through RNA sequencing. GO and KEGG analysis revealed a large number of DEGs enriched in the cell adhesion and calcium ion binding pathways, and the analysis found that these genes maintained a higher level in HiS-PGCs. Further personalized analysis found that the regulatory genes for maintaining PGC pluripotency were highly expressed in HiS-PGCs, while germ cell-related genes showed similar expression in both systems. Additionally, through RNA sequencing data and cell proliferation ability, it was found that PGCs in the FAcs system had a higher proliferation rate and a faster cell cycle. Finally, it was discovered that the expression of cell migration-related genes was maintained at a higher level in HiS-PGCs, but the migration efficiency of HiS-PGCs did not show a significant difference compared to FAcs-PGCs. These results suggest that both HiS and FAcs culture systems can maintain the proliferation and basic characteristics of chicken PGCs, but differences exist in cell proliferation, pluripotency regulation, and cell adhesion. These findings provide new information for optimizing PGC cultivation systems and are important for the preservation and genetic improvement of chicken PGCs.
在鸡中，原始生殖细胞（PGC）对于家禽生产中遗传资源的保存和操纵至关重要。HiS 和 FAcs 培养系统是体外培养鸡 PGC 的两种重要方法。本研究旨在比较和分析两种 PGC 培养系统（HiS 和 FAcs 培养系统），评估它们在支持 PGC 生长、维持 PGC 特性和谱系传递能力方面的效果和适用性。研究发现，HiS 和 FAcs 培养系统都可以维持鸡 PGC 的基本生物学特性，包括多能性和生殖标记基因的同时表达以及丰富的糖原颗粒的存在。随后，我们通过 RNA 测序鉴定了 2145 个差异表达基因（DEG）。GO 和 KEGG 分析表明，大量 DEG 富集在细胞黏附和钙离子结合途径中，分析发现这些基因在 HiS-PGC 中表达水平更高。进一步的个性化分析发现，维持 PGC 多能性的调节基因在 HiS-PGC 中高度表达，而与生殖细胞相关的基因在两个系统中表达相似。此外，通过 RNA 测序数据和细胞增殖能力，发现 FAcs 系统中的 PGC 增殖速度更快，细胞周期更快。最后发现，HiS-PGC 中细胞迁移相关基因的表达维持在更高水平，但 HiS-PGC 的迁移效率与 FAcs-PGC 相比没有显著差异。这些结果表明，HiS 和 FAcs 培养系统都可以维持鸡 PGC 的增殖和基本特性，但在细胞增殖、多能性调节和细胞黏附方面存在差异。这些发现为优化 PGC 培养系统提供了新的信息，对鸡 PGC 的保存和遗传改良具有重要意义。
