Jouhet Juliette, Alves Eliana, Boutté Yohann, Darnet Sylvain, Domergue Frédéric, Durand Thierry, Fischer Pauline, Fouillen Laetitia, Grube Mara, Joubès Jérôme, Kalnenieks Uldis, Kargul Joanna M, Khozin-Goldberg Inna, Leblanc Catherine, Letsiou Sophia, Lupette Josselin, Markov Gabriel V, Medina Isabel, Melo Tânia, Mojzeš Peter, Momchilova Svetlana, Mongrand Sébastien, Moreira Ana S P, Neves Bruna B, Oger Camille, Rey Felisa, Santaeufemia Sergio, Schaller Hubert, Schleyer Guy, Tietel Zipora, Zammit Gabrielle, Ziv Carmit, Domingues Rosário
Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, CNRS/INRAE/CEA/Grenoble Alpes Univ., 38000 Grenoble, France.
Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal.
Prog Lipid Res. 2024 Nov;96:101290. doi: 10.1016/j.plipres.2024.101290. Epub 2024 Jul 31.
Plants and algae play a crucial role in the earth's ecosystems. Through photosynthesis they convert light energy into chemical energy, capture CO2 and produce oxygen and energy-rich organic compounds. Photosynthetic organisms are primary producers and synthesize the essential omega 3 and omega 6 fatty acids. They have also unique and highly diverse complex lipids, such as glycolipids, phospholipids, triglycerides, sphingolipids and phytosterols, with nutritional and health benefits. Plant and algal lipids are useful in food, feed, nutraceutical, cosmeceutical and pharmaceutical industries but also for green chemistry and bioenergy. The analysis of plant and algal lipidomes represents a significant challenge due to the intricate and diverse nature of their composition, as well as their plasticity under changing environmental conditions. Optimization of analytical tools is crucial for an in-depth exploration of the lipidome of plants and algae. This review highlights how lipidomics analytical tools can be used to establish a complete mapping of plant and algal lipidomes. Acquiring this knowledge will pave the way for the use of plants and algae as sources of tailored lipids for both industrial and environmental applications. This aligns with the main challenges for society, upholding the natural resources of our planet and respecting their limits.
植物和藻类在地球生态系统中发挥着至关重要的作用。通过光合作用，它们将光能转化为化学能，捕获二氧化碳并产生氧气和富含能量的有机化合物。光合生物是主要生产者，能合成必需的ω-3和ω-6脂肪酸。它们还拥有独特且高度多样的复杂脂质，如糖脂、磷脂、甘油三酯、鞘脂和植物甾醇，对营养和健康有益。植物和藻类脂质在食品、饲料、营养保健品、药妆品和制药行业都很有用，在绿色化学和生物能源领域也有应用。由于植物和藻类脂质组的组成复杂多样，且在不断变化的环境条件下具有可塑性，对其进行分析是一项重大挑战。优化分析工具对于深入探索植物和藻类脂质组至关重要。本综述重点介绍了脂质组学分析工具如何用于建立植物和藻类脂质组的完整图谱。获取这些知识将为把植物和藻类用作工业和环境应用中定制脂质的来源铺平道路。这与社会面临的主要挑战相一致，即维护我们星球的自然资源并尊重其限度。
