The University of Texas at San Antonio, Department of Psychology, San Antonio, TX, USA.
The University of Texas at San Antonio, Department of Psychology, San Antonio, TX, USA.
Psychol Sport Exerc. 2024 Nov;75:102716. doi: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2024.102716. Epub 2024 Jul 31.
Most university students do not engage in enough physical activity (PA) despite the known physical and mental health benefits. Action control theories such as the Multi-Process Action Control (M-PAC) framework have been proposed to better understand the translation of intentions into action by incorporating post-intentional processes. However, the explanatory power of the M-PAC framework beyond traditional social cognitive constructs has received limited attention. This study examined the predictive utility of the M-PAC framework for explaining variance in self-reported and device-measured PA behavior among university students. A total of 2418 undergraduate students (Mean age = 19.1 ± 1.73 [SD] years) completed an online survey that included a self-reported measure of moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) as well as constructs outlined in the M-PAC framework: instrumental and affective attitudes, perceived capability and opportunity, behavioral regulation, habit and identity. A subsample (n = 376) also wore an ActiGraph wGT3x-BT accelerometer on their non-dominant wrist for seven full days to assess MVPA. Robust linear regression models were computed to investigate associations between M-PAC framework constructs and PA behavior. Findings showed the M-PAC framework explained as high as 14.3 % and 37.9 % of the variance in device-measured and self-reported MVPA, respectively. Regulatory (behavioral regulation), and reflexive (habit and identity) processes were significant predictors of self-reported MVPA when examining the full M-PAC framework, whereas the role identity dimension of PA identity was the only significant predictor of device-assessed MVPA. Taken together, these results reinforce the importance of post-intentional processes, specifically role identity, in understanding PA behavior among university students.
大多数大学生尽管知道体育运动对身心健康有益，但仍没有进行足够的身体活动（PA）。为了更好地理解意图向行动的转化，引入了行动控制理论，如多进程行动控制（M-PAC）框架。然而，该框架对传统社会认知结构之外的解释力的关注却很有限。本研究考察了 M-PAC 框架对大学生自我报告和设备测量的 PA 行为差异的预测能力。共有 2418 名本科生（平均年龄 19.1 ± 1.73 [SD] 岁）完成了一项在线调查，其中包括一项自我报告的中高强度身体活动（MVPA）以及 M-PAC 框架中概述的结构：工具性和情感态度、感知能力和机会、行为调节、习惯和身份。一个亚样本（n=376）还在非优势手腕上佩戴了 ActiGraph wGT3x-BT 加速度计，连续七天评估 MVPA。计算了稳健的线性回归模型来研究 M-PAC 框架结构与 PA 行为之间的关联。研究结果表明，M-PAC 框架分别可以解释设备测量和自我报告的 MVPA 方差的 14.3%和 37.9%。在检查完整的 M-PAC 框架时，调节（行为调节）和反射（习惯和身份）过程是自我报告的 MVPA 的重要预测因素，而 PA 身份的角色身份维度是唯一可以预测设备评估的 MVPA 的因素。综上所述，这些结果强调了后意图过程，特别是角色身份，在理解大学生 PA 行为中的重要性。
