Bar-Ilan University, Department of Management, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel.
Bar-Ilan University, Department of Management, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel.
Transpl Immunol. 2024 Oct;86:102102. doi: 10.1016/j.trim.2024.102102. Epub 2024 Jul 31.
This comprehensive review delves into the intricate dynamics between the immune system and bacterial infections in organ transplant recipients. Its primary objective is to fill existing knowledge gaps while critically assessing the strengths and weaknesses of current research. The paper accentuates the delicate balance that must be struck between preventing graft rejection through immunosuppression and maintaining robust immunity against bacterial threats. In this context, personalized medicine emerges as a transformative concept, offering the potential to revolutionize clinical outcomes by tailoring immunosuppressive regimens and vaccination strategies to the unique profiles of transplant recipients. By emphasizing the pivotal role of continuous monitoring, the review underscores the necessity for vigilant surveillance of transplant recipients to detect bacterial infections and associated immune responses early, thereby reducing the risk of severe infections and ultimately improving patient outcomes. Furthermore, the study highlights the significance of the host microbiome in shaping immune responses, suggesting that interventions targeting the microbiome hold promise for enhancing bacterial immunity in transplant recipients, both in research and clinical practice. In terms of future research directions, the review advocates for large-scale, longitudinal studies encompassing diverse patient cohorts to provide more comprehensive insights into post-transplant immune responses. It also advocates integrating multi-omics approaches, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and microbiome data, to understand immune responses and their underlying mechanisms. In conclusion, this review significantly enriches our understanding of immune responses in transplant recipients. It paves the way for more effective and personalized approaches to managing infections in this complex setting.
这篇全面的综述深入探讨了器官移植受者的免疫系统与细菌感染之间复杂的相互作用。其主要目的是填补现有知识空白，同时批判性地评估当前研究的优缺点。本文强调了必须在通过免疫抑制预防移植物排斥和保持对细菌威胁的强大免疫力之间取得微妙的平衡。在这种情况下，个性化医疗成为一个变革性的概念，通过为移植受者量身定制免疫抑制方案和疫苗接种策略，为改善临床结果提供了潜力。通过强调持续监测的关键作用，该综述强调了对移植受者进行警惕性监测的必要性，以便早期发现细菌感染和相关免疫反应，从而降低严重感染的风险，并最终改善患者的预后。此外，该研究强调了宿主微生物组在塑造免疫反应方面的重要性，表明针对微生物组的干预措施有可能增强移植受者的细菌免疫力，这在研究和临床实践中均具有重要意义。就未来的研究方向而言，该综述主张进行大规模、纵向研究，纳入多样化的患者群体，以提供更全面的见解，了解移植后免疫反应。它还倡导整合多组学方法，包括基因组学、转录组学、蛋白质组学和微生物组数据，以了解免疫反应及其潜在机制。总之，这篇综述大大丰富了我们对移植受者免疫反应的理解。它为在这种复杂环境中更有效地管理感染开辟了道路。
