School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 2155009, China; Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, University of Galway, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland.
School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Security, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China.
J Environ Sci (China). 2025 Feb;148:151-173. doi: 10.1016/j.jes.2024.01.015. Epub 2024 Jan 20.
The removal of nitrogen via the ANAMMOX process is a promising green wastewater treatment technology, with numerous benefits. The incessant studies on the ANAMMOX process over the years due to its long start-up and high operational cost has positively influenced its technological advancement, even though at a rather slow pace. At the moment, relatively new ANAMMOX technologies are being developed with the goal of treating low carbon wastewater at low temperatures, tackling nitrite and nitrate accumulation and methane utilization from digestates while also recovering resources (phosphorus) in a sustainable manner. This review compares and contrasts the handful of ANAMMOX -based processes developed thus far with plausible solutions for addressing their respective bottlenecks hindering full-scale implementation. Ultimately, future prospects for advancing understanding of mechanisms and engineering application of ANAMMOX process are posited. As a whole, technological advances in process design and patents have greatly contributed to better understanding of the ANAMMOX process, which has greatly aided in the optimization and industrialization of the ANAMMOX process. This review is intended to provide researchers with an overview of the present state of research and technological development of the ANAMMOX process, thus serving as a guide for realizing energy autarkic future practical applications.
通过 ANAMMOX 工艺去除氮是一种很有前途的绿色废水处理技术，具有许多优点。由于其启动时间长和运营成本高，多年来对 ANAMMOX 工艺的不断研究对其技术进步产生了积极影响，尽管速度相当缓慢。目前，正在开发相对较新的 ANAMMOX 技术，旨在处理低温低碳废水，解决亚硝酸盐和硝酸盐积累问题，并利用消化物中的甲烷，同时以可持续的方式回收资源（磷）。本文综述了迄今为止开发的几种基于 ANAMMOX 的工艺，并对可能的解决方案进行了比较和对比，以解决阻碍其全面实施的各自瓶颈。最终，提出了推进 ANAMMOX 工艺机制理解和工程应用的未来展望。总的来说，工艺设计和专利方面的技术进步极大地促进了对 ANAMMOX 工艺的理解，这极大地有助于优化和工业化 ANAMMOX 工艺。本文综述旨在为研究人员提供 ANAMMOX 工艺研究和技术发展的现状概述，从而为实现自给自足的未来实际应用提供指导。
