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基于脂质纳米粒的幽门螺杆菌多表位疫苗的免疫信息学设计与合成。

Immunoinformatics design and synthesis of a multi-epitope vaccine against Helicobacter pylori based on lipid nanoparticles.

机构信息

Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Tehran Medical Science, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

出版信息

Sci Rep. 2024 Aug 2;14(1):17910. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-68947-x.

Abstract

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is responsible for various chronic or acute diseases, such as stomach ulcers, dyspepsia, peptic ulcers, gastroesophageal reflux, gastritis, lymphoma, and stomach cancers. Although specific drugs are available to treat the bacterium's harmful effects, there is an urgent need to develop a preventive or therapeutic vaccine. Therefore, the current study aims to create a multi-epitope vaccine against H. pylori using lipid nanoparticles. Five epitopes from five target proteins of H. pylori, namely, Urease, CagA, HopE, SabA, and BabA, were used. Immunogenicity, MHC (Major Histocompatibility Complex) bonding, allergenicity, toxicity, physicochemical analysis, and global population coverage of the entire epitopes and final construct were carefully examined. The study involved using various bioinformatic web tools to accomplish the following tasks: modeling the three-dimensional structure of a set of epitopes and the final construct and docking them with Toll-Like Receptor 4 (TLR4). In the experimental phase, the final multi-epitope construct was synthesized using the solid phase method, and it was then enclosed in lipid nanoparticles. After synthesizing the construct, its loading, average size distribution, and nanoliposome shape were checked using Nanodrop at 280 nm, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and atomic force microscope (AFM). The designed vaccine has been confirmed to be non-toxic and anti-allergic. It can bind with different MHC alleles at a rate of 99.05%. The construct loading was determined to be about 91%, with an average size of 54 nm. Spherical shapes were also observed in the AFM images. Further laboratory tests are necessary to confirm the safety and immunogenicity of the multi-epitope vaccine.

摘要

幽门螺杆菌(H. pylori)可引发多种慢性或急性疾病,如胃溃疡、消化不良、消化性溃疡、胃食管反流、胃炎、淋巴瘤和胃癌等。尽管有特定药物可用于治疗该细菌的有害影响,但迫切需要开发预防性或治疗性疫苗。因此,本研究旨在使用脂质纳米粒构建针对 H. pylori 的多表位疫苗。该研究使用了来自 H. pylori 的 5 种靶蛋白(尿素酶、CagA、HopE、SabA 和 BabA)的 5 种表位。对免疫原性、MHC(主要组织相容性复合体)结合、变应原性、毒性、理化分析以及整个表位和最终构建体的全球人群覆盖率进行了仔细检查。该研究涉及使用各种生物信息学网络工具来完成以下任务:构建一组表位和最终构建体的三维结构,并将其与 Toll-Like Receptor 4(TLR4)对接。在实验阶段,使用固相法合成最终的多表位构建体,并将其封装在脂质纳米粒中。构建体合成后,使用 Nanodrop 在 280nm 处、动态光散射(DLS)和原子力显微镜(AFM)检查其负载、平均粒径分布和纳米脂质体形状。设计的疫苗已被证实无毒性和抗过敏性。它可以与不同的 MHC 等位基因以 99.05%的速率结合。构建体的负载约为 91%,平均粒径为 54nm。在 AFM 图像中还观察到了球形形状。需要进一步的实验室测试来确认多表位疫苗的安全性和免疫原性。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d9cd/11297249/7a07298f3555/41598_2024_68947_Fig1_HTML.jpg

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