Grupo de Investigaciones en Enfermedades Tropicales, Departamento de Medicina, Universidad del Norte, Km5 Antigua via a Puerto Colombia, Barranquilla, Colombia.
Universidad del Norte, Km. 5 Vía Puerto Colombia, Barranquilla, Colombia.
BMC Public Health. 2024 Aug 2;24(1):2096. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-19554-y.
To assess whether the 'economic boom' in the tropical seaport city of Barranquilla improved tapped water supplies to socio-economically poor neighbourhoods resulting in: (1) their reduced use for domestic water-storage in large (> 1,000-litre) custom-made cement tanks which are their principal Aedes aegypti breeding sites and (2) their pupae/person index (PPI) values to below their established 0.5-1.5 PPI arbovirus transmission-threshold value, compared to matched neighbourhoods in the: (a) pre-economic boom (2004) period in Barranquilla and (b) economically-neglected seaport city of Buenaventura.
The simple, accurate and robust water surface sweep-net/calibration factor or total count methods were used to determine the total Ae. aegypti pupae numbers in greater or less than 20-litre water-holding container types located 'inside' or 'outside' these neighbourhood premises. The women residents also participated in questionnaire-based responses about their domestic water supplies, water-storage and maintenance and mosquito life stages and disease transmission knowledge, to subsequently plan appropriate resident education programmes. Microsoft Excel 8.0 with OpenEpi was used to determine the samples sizes and the statistical values.
Tapped water supplies to the three poor Barranquilla neighbourhoods were dramatically increased from 2004 to 2023 resulting in their residents significantly reducing their: (a) large cement water-storage tanks from 1 per 6.9 (2004) to 1 per 31.2 (2020) premises (z = 10.5: p = 0) and (b) PPI values to 0.16, 0.19 and 0.53 (mean: 0.29: 95% CI ± 0.4) in each study neighbourhood. In contrast, tapped water supplies remained inadequate in the Buenaventura neighborhoods, thereby resulting in their continued use of many large (> 1,000-litre) water-storage containers (Barranquilla: 1 per 31.2 and Buenaventura: 1 per 1.5 premises: z = - 9.26: p = 0), with unacceptably high 0.81, 0.88 and 0.99 PPI values in each study neighbourhood (mean 0.89: 95% CI ± 0.12).
Improved tapped water supplies resulted in reduced numbers of large custom-made stoneware water-containers, as are employed by poor residents throughout the world, as well as their Ae. aegypti PPI transmission threshold values which, together with appropriate residents' education programmes, are also urgently to reduce to prevent/reduce Ae. aegypti transmitted human diseases globally.
评估巴兰基亚热带海港城市的“经济繁荣”是否改善了社会经济贫困社区的自来水供应情况，从而导致：（1）减少了他们对大型（> 1000 升）定制水泥罐的国内储水的使用，这些水泥罐是埃及伊蚊的主要滋生地；（2）与巴兰基亚的（a）经济繁荣前（2004 年）时期和（b）经济忽视的布埃纳文图拉海港城市的匹配社区相比，其蛹/人指数（PPI）值低于其既定的 0.5-1.5 PPI 虫媒病毒传播阈值。
使用简单、准确和稳健的水面 sweep-net/校准因子或总数计数方法，确定位于这些社区内或外的大于或小于 20 升水持容器类型中的总埃及伊蚊蛹数。女性居民还参与了基于问卷的关于他们的家庭用水供应、储水和维护以及蚊子生命阶段和疾病传播知识的回答，以便随后计划适当的居民教育计划。使用 Microsoft Excel 8.0 和 OpenEpi 来确定样本量和统计值。
2004 年至 2023 年期间，三个贫困的巴兰基亚社区的自来水供应大幅增加，导致居民大幅减少：（a）从 2004 年的每 6.9 个住宅减少到每 31.2 个住宅（z=10.5：p=0）的大型水泥储水罐；（b）每个研究社区的 PPI 值降至 0.16、0.19 和 0.53（平均值：0.29：95%CI±0.4）。相比之下，布埃纳文图拉社区的自来水供应仍然不足，从而导致他们继续使用许多大型（> 1000 升）储水容器（巴兰基亚：每 31.2 个住宅，布埃纳文图拉：每 1.5 个住宅：z=-9.26：p=0），每个研究社区的 PPI 值都非常高，分别为 0.81、0.88 和 0.99（平均值 0.89：95%CI±0.12）。
自来水供应的改善导致全球贫困居民使用的大型定制石器储水容器数量减少，以及埃及伊蚊的 PPI 传播阈值降低，这与适当的居民教育计划一起，也迫切需要降低以防止/减少全球埃及伊蚊传播的人类疾病。
