Kumar Gaurav, Pande Veena, Pasi Shweta, Ojha Vijay P, Dhiman Ramesh C
National Institute of Malaria Research (ICMR), Delhi.
Geospat Health. 2018 Nov 9;13(2). doi: 10.4081/gh.2018.707.
The present study was planned to characterize the microclimate experienced by Aedes larvae in different breeding habitats by determining the temperature variations in water kept in containers during different months under natural conditions. The study was conducted in three municipal zones of Delhi. In each site, four types of container material (plastic, cement, iron and ceramic) were chosen for recording the water temperature in the containers. Daily air and water temperatures (mean, maximum and minimum values) recorded by HOBO and Tidbit data loggers, respectively, were compared using analysis of variance and Tukey's honest significant difference (HSD) tests. Mean monthly temperature of water varied from 16.9 to 33.0 °C in tin containers, 17.3 to 35.6°C in plastic containers, 14.3 to 28.5°C in ceramic pots, 23.3 to 30.4°C in cemented underground tanks (UGT) and 15.8 to 35.1°C in cemented overhead tanks (OHTs). Corresponding values for the air temperature ranged from 17.7 to 36.1°C. The difference between temperature of water in the containers and air temperature was highest for ceramic pots. Daily mean, maximum and minimum temperatures recorded by different data loggers differed significantly (P<0.05). When Tukey HSD test was applied for data analysis, the daily mean air temperature differed significantly from the water temperature in tin and ceramic pots as well as cemented OHTs. The temperature of water in the different breeding habitats investigated was lower than the air temperature. Moreover, actual air temperature as recorded by HOBO was higher than the temperature recorded by local weather stations. Considering the ongoing climate change, cemented UGT and earthen pots may be more productive breeding habitats for the Aedes mosquito in the near future, while plastic and cemented OHTs might no longer be suitable for Aedes breeding.
本研究旨在通过测定自然条件下不同月份容器内水温变化，来描述埃及伊蚊幼虫在不同孳生地所经历的小气候。该研究在德里的三个市政区域进行。在每个地点，选择了四种类型的容器材料（塑料、水泥、铁和陶瓷）来记录容器内的水温。分别使用HOBO和Tidbit数据记录器记录的每日空气和水温（平均值、最大值和最小值），通过方差分析和Tukey's诚实显著差异（HSD）检验进行比较。锡容器内水的月平均温度在16.9至33.0°C之间，塑料容器内为17.3至35.6°C，陶瓷盆内为14.3至28.5°C，水泥地下水箱（UGT）内为23.3至30.4°C，水泥高架水箱（OHT）内为15.8至35.1°C。空气温度的相应值范围为17.7至36.1°C。陶瓷盆中容器内水温与空气温度的差异最大。不同数据记录器记录的每日平均、最高和最低温度差异显著（P<0.05）。当应用Tukey HSD检验进行数据分析时，每日平均气温与锡罐、陶瓷盆以及水泥OHT中的水温差异显著。所调查的不同孳生地中的水温低于气温。此外，HOBO记录的实际气温高于当地气象站记录的温度。考虑到当前的气候变化，在不久的将来，水泥UGT和陶罐可能是埃及伊蚊更适宜的孳生地，而塑料和水泥OHT可能不再适合埃及伊蚊孳生。
