Division of Biotechnology and Health, Biotechnology Research Centre (CRBt), Constantine, Algeria.
Department of Anatomical Pathology, Benbadis Hospital, University Constantine 3, Constantine, Algeria.
BMC Cancer. 2024 Aug 2;24(1):946. doi: 10.1186/s12885-024-12709-5.
Lung cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer-related death in men in Algeria. Little is known about the characteristics of lung cancer in Algeria. This study aimed to determine the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients in Algeria.
This retrospective study was performed on 269 pathologically confirmed cases of NSCLC at the Benbadis University Hospital of Constantine (2015-2023). Of these, 95 patients were included in the survival analysis. The clinicopathological and outcome data were investigated based on the patients' medical records.
This study showed male predominance with sex ratio of 5.7, with a mean age of 61.8 years. Histologically, 67.3% of cases had adenocarcinoma (ADC) and 22.7% squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). ADC and SCC occurred more frequently in female (p = 0.02) and male (p = 0.003) patients, respectively. Smoking was estimated at 82.2% in men. Over 28% were non-smokers, of which 50.7% were women, and presented at younger age (p = 0.04). Most of our patients (75.5%) have an advanced stage at diagnosis. Around 70% of patients underwent chemotherapy (CT) as first-line treatment, with medians diagnostic and treatment delays of 4 and 1 months, respectively. The median overall survival (mOS) was estimated at 10.3 and 6.7 months in I-III and IV stages, respectively. Other factors that negatively impact OS were age > 65 years (p = 0.01), and the presence of symptoms (p = 0.005) and comorbidity (p = 0.004) in stage IV, and delayed treatment (p = 0.03) and receiving CT alone (p = 0.03) in stages I-III cases. Medians progression free survival (mPFS) in stage IV, III, and II patients were 4.1, 5.2, and 8.3 months, respectively, and negatively affected by the comorbidity (stage IV, p = 0.03) and receiving CT alone (stages II-III, p = 0.03).
NSCLC presents at an early age and advanced stage in Algerian patients. ADC is the most frequent histological subtype and smoking remains the most important risk factor in men. Furthermore, the prognostic factors affecting survival are stage, age, comorbidity, symptoms, and treatment. Thus, tobacco control, early detection program, and access to novel therapies may be the best strategies to reduce NSCLC morbidity and mortality.
肺癌是阿尔及利亚男性中最常见的癌症类型和癌症相关死亡的主要原因。关于阿尔及利亚肺癌的特征，人们知之甚少。本研究旨在确定阿尔及利亚非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）患者的临床病理特征和预后。
本回顾性研究对君士坦丁本巴迪斯大学医院（2015-2023 年）的 269 例经病理证实的 NSCLC 病例进行了分析。其中，95 例患者纳入生存分析。根据患者的病历调查了临床病理和结局数据。
本研究显示男性占主导地位，性别比为 5.7，平均年龄为 61.8 岁。组织学上，67.3%的病例为腺癌（ADC），22.7%为鳞状细胞癌（SCC）。ADC 和 SCC 在女性（p=0.02）和男性（p=0.003）患者中更为常见。男性估计有 82.2%的人吸烟。超过 28%的人不吸烟，其中 50.7%为女性，且发病年龄较轻（p=0.04）。我们的大多数患者（75.5%）在诊断时处于晚期。约 70%的患者接受化疗（CT）作为一线治疗，诊断和治疗的中位延迟分别为 4 个月和 1 个月。I-III 期和 IV 期的中位总生存期（mOS）分别估计为 10.3 和 6.7 个月。其他影响 OS 的负面因素包括年龄>65 岁（p=0.01），IV 期有症状（p=0.005）和合并症（p=0.004），以及 I-III 期治疗延迟（p=0.03）和单独接受 CT（p=0.03）。IV 期、III 期和 II 期患者的中位无进展生存期（mPFS）分别为 4.1、5.2 和 8.3 个月，IV 期的合并症（p=0.03）和 II-III 期的单独接受 CT（p=0.03）对其产生负面影响。
在阿尔及利亚患者中，NSCLC 发病年龄较早，且处于晚期。ADC 是最常见的组织学亚型，吸烟仍然是男性的最重要危险因素。此外，影响生存的预后因素包括分期、年龄、合并症、症状和治疗。因此，控制烟草、早期检测计划和获得新疗法可能是降低 NSCLC 发病率和死亡率的最佳策略。
