Eyer Peter
Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig Maximilian University, Goethestraße 33, 80336, Munich, Germany.
Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2025 Feb;398(2):1465-1481. doi: 10.1007/s00210-024-03338-7. Epub 2024 Aug 3.
In 1887, Hermann Tappeiner (1847-1927) was appointed as professor for medicinal chemistry and pharmacology. He studied the role of intestinal bacteria and contributed to better understanding of digestion. In 1923, Walther Straub (1874-1944) succeeded. He was at the zenith of his scientific career, gained habilitation in Leipzig already in 1900, accepted the direction of the Institute of Pharmacology at Marburg in 1905, of Würzburg in 1906, before he moved to Freiburg in 1907. Straub preferred quantitative studies with various alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, and Senna glycosides on isolated organs. One important legacy is his contribution "Die Digitalisgruppe" in Hefters Handb. Exp. Pharmakol. 1924. Walther Straub was editor of Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology and founded the Deutsche Pharmakologische Gesellschaft in 1920. In 1944 when most of the institute was destroyed by air raids, Walther Straub retired and succumbed in Bad Tölz. In 1946, August Wilhelm Forst (1890-1981), a pupil of Straub, was appointed to head the institute ruins. We owe to him the provisional reconstruction of the old building, institution of an Insulin Control Laboratory, and the development of a vibratory cage that allowed the registration of psychomotor activity in rodents. Forst published the first comprehensive review on "Detoxication." In 1961, Manfred Kiese (1910-1983), a pupil of W. Heubner, came from Tübingen and accompanied the erection of a new building. Kiese made important contributions to the understanding of the biotransformation of foreign compounds and was the first to describe the biological N-oxygenation. His studies on ferrihemoglobin formation resulted in the development of an effective cyanide antidote, 4-dimethylaminophenol. "Methemoglobinemia, a Comprehensive Treatise" is part of his scientific legacy. In 1980, Wolfgang Forth (1932-2009) from Bochum headed the institute and convinced the medical faculty of LMU to rename the building into Walther Straub Institute. His scientific interests were centered on interactions between essential and toxic metals during intestinal absorption. He was co-editor of the German Textbook on Pharmacology and Toxicology founded in 1975, which is presently in its 13th edition. In 2000, Peter Eyer (1942) was commissioned to lead the institute until Thomas Gudermann (1960) was appointed to direct the chair in 2008.
1887年，赫尔曼·塔佩纳（1847 - 1927）被任命为药物化学与药理学教授。他研究了肠道细菌的作用，为更好地理解消化过程做出了贡献。1923年，瓦尔特·施特劳布（1874 - 1944）接任。他正处于科学事业的巅峰，1900年就在莱比锡获得了教授资格，1905年接受了马尔堡药理学研究所的领导职务，1906年又前往维尔茨堡，1907年迁至弗莱堡。施特劳布更倾向于对分离器官上的各种生物碱、强心苷和番泻苷进行定量研究。他的一项重要遗产是1924年发表在《赫夫特实验药理学手册》上的“洋地黄类”一文。瓦尔特·施特劳布曾是《瑙尼 - 施米德贝格药理学文献》的编辑，并于1920年创立了德国药理学会。1944年，研究所大部分区域被空袭摧毁，瓦尔特·施特劳布退休，后在巴特特尔茨去世。1946年，施特劳布的学生奥古斯特·威廉·福斯特（1890 - 1981）被任命负责研究所废墟的重建工作。我们要归功于他对旧建筑的临时重建、胰岛素控制实验室的设立以及一种振动笼的研发，这种振动笼能够记录啮齿动物的精神运动活动。福斯特发表了第一篇关于“解毒作用”的全面综述。1961年，W. 霍伊布纳的学生曼弗雷德·基泽（1910 - 1983）从图宾根来到这里，参与了新大楼的建设。基泽对外源化合物生物转化的理解做出了重要贡献，并且是第一个描述生物N - 氧化作用的人。他对高铁血红蛋白形成的研究促成了一种有效的氰化物解毒剂4 - 二甲基氨基酚的研发。《高铁血红蛋白血症，一部综合论著》是他的科学遗产的一部分。1980年，来自波鸿的沃尔夫冈·福思（1932 - 2009）领导了该研究所，并说服慕尼黑大学医学院将这座大楼更名为瓦尔特·施特劳布研究所。他的科学兴趣集中在肠道吸收过程中必需金属与有毒金属之间的相互作用。他是1975年创立的德国药理学与毒理学教科书的共同编辑，该书目前已出到第13版。2000年，彼得·艾耶（1942年生）受命领导该研究所，直到2008年托马斯·古德曼（1960年生）被任命担任该职位。
