基于中国健康长寿纵向研究的植物性饮食模式与中国老年人感官障碍的关联。

Associations between Plant-Based Dietary Patterns and Sensory Impairments among Chinese Older Adults: Based on the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey.

机构信息

Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China.

出版信息

Gerontology. 2024;70(10):1042-1054. doi: 10.1159/000540611. Epub 2024 Aug 2.

DOI:10.1159/000540611

PMID:39097967

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11493375/

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the plant-based dietary index and vision impairment (VI), hearing impairment (HI), and dual sensory impairment (DSI) among Chinese aged 65 and older.

METHODS

Based on the 2018 data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS), a cross-sectional study was conducted on 14,859 samples. The assessment of dietary quality utilized the plant-based diet index (PDI), healthy plant-based diet index (hPDI), and unhealthy plant-based diet index (uPDI). Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the associations between PDIs and sensory impairments. Additionally, restricted cubic spline analysis was utilized to investigate the nonlinear association between PDIs and sensory impairments.

RESULTS

Participants in the highest quintile of PDI exhibited reduced prevalence of VI (OR 0.78, 95% CI: 0.67-0.90, ptrend <0.001), HI (OR 0.83, 95% CI: 0.70-0.99, ptrend <0.001), and DSI (OR 0.62, 95% CI: 0.51-0.77, ptrend <0.001) relative to those in the lowest quintile. Moreover, individuals who ranked in the highest quintile for hPDI exhibited a 25% reduced risk of VI disease. Conversely, those in the highest quintile of uPDI were associated with increased prevalence of VI (OR 1.37, 95% CI: 1.17-1.61, ptrend <0.001), HI (OR 1.36, 95% CI: 1.12-1.65, ptrend <0.001), and DSI (OR 1.56, 95% CI: 1.25-1.95, ptrend <0.001). The relationship between PDIs increasing by every 10 units and sensory impairments showed similar patterns. Notably, hPDI demonstrated a nonlinear relationship with HI (pfor nonlinearity = 0.001), while the others exhibited linear associations.

CONCLUSION

The increase in PDI and hPDI correlates with a reduced prevalence of one or more sensory impairments. Conversely, an increase in uPDI is associated with an elevated prevalence of multiple sensory impairments. Our study findings emphasize the significance of plant-based food quality, advocating for adherence to a plant-based dietary pattern while reducing the intake of less healthy plant foods and animal-based products.

摘要

简介

本研究旨在探讨植物性饮食指数与中国 65 岁及以上人群视力障碍（VI）、听力障碍（HI）和双重感官障碍（DSI）之间的关系。

方法

基于 2018 年中国长寿纵向研究（CLHLS）的数据，对 14859 名样本进行了横断面研究。采用植物性饮食指数（PDI）、健康植物性饮食指数（hPDI）和不健康植物性饮食指数（uPDI）评估饮食质量。使用逻辑回归分析探讨 PDIs 与感官障碍之间的关联。此外，还利用限制立方样条分析探讨了 PDIs 与感官障碍之间的非线性关联。

结果

与最低五分位组相比，PDI 最高五分位组的 VI（比值比 0.78，95%置信区间：0.67-0.90，ptrend <0.001）、HI（比值比 0.83，95%置信区间：0.70-0.99，ptrend <0.001）和 DSI（比值比 0.62，95%置信区间：0.51-0.77，ptrend <0.001）的患病风险降低。此外，hPDI 最高五分位组的个体患 VI 疾病的风险降低了 25%。相反，uPDI 最高五分位组与 VI（比值比 1.37，95%置信区间：1.17-1.61，ptrend <0.001）、HI（比值比 1.36，95%置信区间：1.12-1.65，ptrend <0.001）和 DSI（比值比 1.56，95%置信区间：1.25-1.95，ptrend <0.001）的患病风险增加有关。PDIs 每增加 10 个单位与感官障碍的关系呈现出相似的模式。值得注意的是，hPDI 与 HI 之间存在非线性关系（pfor非线性=0.001），而其他两者则呈线性关联。