Department Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences & Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Environ Monit Assess. 2024 Aug 5;196(9):784. doi: 10.1007/s10661-024-12972-w.
For the first time in Iran, in this study, the amount of 19 trace elements in some types of commonly consumed Iranian fruits (in their peel and pulp) was evaluated by ICP-OES (Inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry) method. Based on the outcomes, the highest and lowest average detected elements in all fruits samples were related to (Al) aluminum (1842.18) and (V) vanadium (0.28) ppm, respectively. Mercury (Hg) and antimony (Sb) were not detected (ND) in any samples. Also, the maximum mean of elements in quince, lemon, grapefruit, kiwi, orange south, orange north and tangerine samples was related to(Fe) iron (2048.32 ppm), (Zn)zinc(753.45 ppm), Fe (1056.33 ppm), Al (9794.41 ppm), Zn (717.78 ppm), Fe (1334.87 ppm) and Fe (974.93 ppm), respectively. Furthermore, our outcomes revealed, the highest mean of elements in kiwi peel, kiwi pulp, orange North peel, orange North pulp, orange South peel, orange South pulp, quince peel, quince pulp, grapefruit peel, grapefruit pulp, lemon peel, lemon pulp, tangerine peel and tangerine pulp was related to Al (17967.79 ppm), Al (1621.03 ppm), Fe (1350.01 ppm), Al (1457.66 ppm), Zn (934.71 ppm), Fe (728.06 ppm), Fe (2768.11 ppm), Fe (1328.54 ppm), Zn (1008.54 ppm), Fe (1198.00 ppm), Zn (683.35 ppm), Zn (823.55 ppm), Fe (1182.59 ppm), and Fe (767.27 ppm), respectively. Based on the Monte Carlo simulation results, the THQ (target hazard quotient) and ILCR (Incremental Lifetime Cancer Risk) related to exposure to heavy metals via fruits for adults and children showed that there is no significant non-carcinogenic risk (THQ < 1) and carcinogenic risk (ILCR < 1E-4) for adults and children.
这是伊朗首次采用电感耦合等离子体-光学发射光谱法（ICP-OES）评估一些常见伊朗食用水果（果皮和果肉）中 19 种微量元素的含量。结果表明，所有水果样本中检测到的最高和最低平均元素分别为铝（Al）（1842.18）和钒（V）（0.28）ppm。汞（Hg）和锑（Sb）在任何样本中均未检出（ND）。此外，榅桲、柠檬、葡萄柚、猕猴桃、南非甜橙、北美的甜橙和橘子样本中元素的最高平均值与铁（Fe）（2048.32 ppm）、锌（Zn）（753.45 ppm）、铁（Fe）（1056.33 ppm）、铝（Al）（9794.41 ppm）、锌（Zn）（717.78 ppm）、铁（Fe）（1334.87 ppm）和铁（Fe）（974.93 ppm）有关。此外，我们的研究结果表明，猕猴桃果皮、猕猴桃果肉、北美的甜橙果皮、北美的甜橙果肉、南非甜橙果皮、南非甜橙果肉、榅桲果皮、榅桲果肉、葡萄柚果皮、葡萄柚果肉、柠檬果皮、柠檬果肉、橘子果皮、橘子果肉、橘子果皮和橘子果肉中元素的最高平均值与铝（Al）（17967.79 ppm）、铝（Al）（1621.03 ppm）、铁（Fe）（1350.01 ppm）、铝（Al）（1457.66 ppm）、锌（Zn）（934.71 ppm）、铁（Fe）（728.06 ppm）、铁（Fe）（2768.11 ppm）、铁（Fe）（1328.54 ppm）、锌（Zn）（1008.54 ppm）、铁（Fe）（1198.00 ppm）、锌（Zn）（683.35 ppm）、锌（Zn）（823.55 ppm）、铁（Fe）（1182.59 ppm）和铁（Fe）（767.27 ppm）有关。基于蒙特卡罗模拟结果，成年人和儿童通过食用水果接触重金属的目标危害系数（THQ）和增量终生癌症风险（ILCR）表明，成年人和儿童没有显著的非致癌风险（THQ<1）和致癌风险（ILCR<1E-4）。
