Zhu Zheng, Zhou Xuan, Yu Mengchi, Cong Rong, Wang Yichun, Zhou Xiang, Ji Chengjian, Luan Jiaochen, Yao Liangyu, Wang Wei, Song Ninghong
Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
Transl Androl Urol. 2024 Jul 31;13(7):1256-1267. doi: 10.21037/tau-24-92. Epub 2024 Jun 11.
Penile cancer (PC) is a rare malignant tumor, whose distant metastasis (DM) is associated with the poorest outcomes. The risk factors associated with DM and prognosis of the PC with DM remain elusive. This study was aimed at investigating risk factors associated with DM and constructing prediction models of PC with DM.
This study analyzed data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database over a period of 2000-2020, including clinical characteristics such as age, marital status, tumor size, Tumor Node Metastasis (TNM) staging, and treatment information. Utilizing univariate and multivariate logistic regression, alongside cox regression analysis, we identified independent risk factors for DM and prognosis in the total cases and the cases with DM. Nomograms were developed for predicting DM and prognosis in PC patients.
Enrolling 1,488 cases, our study identified tumor size and N stage as independent predictors of DM. The predictive nomogram for DM achieved an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.904. Notably, the 1-, 3-, and 5-year cumulative survival rates for PC with DM were 35%, 17%, and 13%, respectively, with larger tumor size associated with prognosis of PC cases with DM. This study verified a correlation between advanced age and TNM stage, as well as chemotherapy with the poor PC prognosis. The nomogram yielded 0.72, 0.69 and 0.69, in predicting 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survivals (OS), while 0.73, 0.70 and 0.69 in predicting 1-, 3-, 5-year cancer specific survivals (CSS), respectively.
This study investigated risk factors of PC with DM. Also, nomograms for predicting DM, OS and CSS of PC patients were developed.
阴茎癌（PC）是一种罕见的恶性肿瘤，其远处转移（DM）与最差的预后相关。与DM相关的危险因素以及伴有DM的PC的预后仍然不明确。本研究旨在调查与DM相关的危险因素并构建伴有DM的PC的预测模型。
本研究分析了监测、流行病学和最终结果（SEER）数据库2000年至2020年期间的数据，包括年龄、婚姻状况、肿瘤大小、肿瘤淋巴结转移（TNM）分期等临床特征以及治疗信息。利用单因素和多因素逻辑回归以及cox回归分析，我们确定了总体病例以及伴有DM的病例中DM和预后的独立危险因素。绘制了列线图以预测PC患者的DM和预后。
我们的研究纳入了1488例病例，确定肿瘤大小和N分期是DM的独立预测因素。DM的预测列线图曲线下面积（AUC）为0.904。值得注意的是，伴有DM的PC的1年、3年和5年累积生存率分别为35%、17%和13%，肿瘤越大与伴有DM的PC病例的预后相关。本研究证实了高龄与TNM分期以及化疗与PC预后不良之间的相关性。该列线图预测1年、3年和5年总生存率（OS）时的AUC分别为0.72、0.69和0.69，而预测1年、3年、5年癌症特异性生存率（CSS）时的AUC分别为0.73、0.70和0.69。
本研究调查了伴有DM的PC的危险因素。此外，还绘制了预测PC患者DM、OS和CSS的列线图。
