Department of Psychology, Saarland University.
Department of Psychology, University of Kaiserslautern-Landau.
J Occup Health Psychol. 2024 Aug;29(4):258-279. doi: 10.1037/ocp0000381.
Recovering from work is essential for maintaining occupational well-being, health, motivation, and performance, but recovery is often difficult to achieve. In this study, we evaluated and compared the effectiveness of two (parallel) interventions aimed at promoting recovery: one based on mindfulness and one involving applying cognitive-behavioral strategies. Both interventions were embedded in a measurement burst design, which allowed us to examine the mechanisms underlying change or intervention success. To explore mechanisms of change, we used the stressor-detachment model as a theoretical framework. We operationalized the interventions' effects in three ways: as changes from pretest to posttest, as changes in daily states, and as changes in daily associations. To this end, we used intensive longitudinal data to examine the roles that daily negative activation plays in detachment and strain. In a randomized controlled trial (N = 393), we administered three assessments of traits: pretest, posttest (8 weeks later), and follow-up (3 months after the posttest). We also administered 2 work weeks of experience sampling questionnaires (preintervention and postintervention). Latent change models and Bayes factor equivalence tests revealed that both interventions substantially-and to a similar extent-increased detachment. Bayesian multilevel path models showed improvements in all state variables, including improvements in negative activation, and provided some evidence that mindfulness-based and cognitive-behavioral approaches might tackle different processes at the daily level. We discuss theoretical implications for the literature on recovery from work and specifically for the stressor-detachment model. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
从工作中恢复过来对于维持职业幸福感、健康、动力和绩效至关重要，但恢复往往很困难。在这项研究中，我们评估和比较了两种（平行）促进恢复的干预措施的有效性：一种基于正念，另一种涉及应用认知行为策略。这两种干预措施都嵌入在一个测量爆发设计中，该设计允许我们研究变化或干预成功的潜在机制。为了探索变化的机制，我们将应激脱离模型作为理论框架。我们以三种方式来操作干预措施的效果：从预测试到后测试的变化、日常状态的变化以及日常关联的变化。为此，我们使用密集的纵向数据来研究日常负面激活在脱离和应变中的作用。在一项随机对照试验（N=393）中，我们对三个特质进行了三次评估：预测试、后测试（8 周后）和随访（后测试后 3 个月）。我们还在干预前和干预后进行了 2 个工作周的经验抽样问卷评估。潜在变化模型和贝叶斯因子等效性检验表明，两种干预措施都显著且在很大程度上增加了脱离。贝叶斯多层次路径模型显示了所有状态变量的改善，包括负面激活的改善，并提供了一些证据表明基于正念的和认知行为的方法可能在日常层面上解决不同的过程。我们讨论了对工作恢复文献的理论意义，特别是对应激脱离模型的理论意义。
