AgroParisTech, INRAE, UMR PNCA, Université Paris-Saclay, Palaiseau, France.
Inserm UMRS 1149, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
PLoS One. 2024 Aug 5;19(8):e0307075. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0307075. eCollection 2024.
Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass may be associated with an alteration of protein bioavailability in relation to intestinal remodeling. Our study aimed to test this hypothesis by Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass. Diet-induced obese rats underwent Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass surgery (RYGB rats) while a Sham-operated control group was used. All rats received a 15N-labeled protein meal 1 or 3 months after surgery and were euthanized 6h later. Protein digestibility, 15N recovered in organs and urea pool, fractional protein synthesis rate, and intestinal morphometry were assessed. Protein digestibility was similar in all groups (94.2±0.3%). The small intestine was hypertrophied in RYGB rats 1 month after surgery, weighing 9.1±0.2g vs. 7.0±0.3g in Sham rats (P = 0.003). Villus height and crypt depth were increased in the alimentary limb and ileum of RYGB rats. However, Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass had no impact on the fractional synthesis rate. In the gastrointestinal tract, 15N retention only differed in the ileal mucosa and was higher in RYGB rats at 1 month (0.48±0.2% vs. 0.3±0.09%, P = 0.03). 15N recovery from the liver, muscle, and skin was lower in RYGB rats at 1 month. 15N recovery from urinary and plasma urea was higher in RYGB rats at both times, resulting in increased total deamination (13.2±0.9% vs. 10.1±0.5%, P<0.01). This study showed that Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass did not affect protein digestibility. Dietary nitrogen sequestration was transitorily and moderately diminished in several organs. This was associated with a sustained elevation of postprandial deamination after Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass, whose mechanisms merit further studies.
胃旁路术可能与肠道重塑相关的蛋白质生物利用度改变有关。我们的研究旨在通过胃旁路术来验证这一假设。饮食诱导肥胖大鼠接受胃旁路术（RYGB 大鼠），同时设假手术对照组。所有大鼠在手术后 1 或 3 个月接受 15N 标记的蛋白质餐，并在 6 小时后安乐死。评估蛋白质消化率、器官中 15N 回收量、尿素池、蛋白质合成率分数和肠道形态计量学。所有组的蛋白质消化率相似（94.2±0.3%）。RYGB 大鼠手术后 1 个月小肠肥大，重量为 9.1±0.2g，而假手术大鼠为 7.0±0.3g（P = 0.003）。RYGB 大鼠的食肠和回肠的绒毛高度和隐窝深度增加。然而，胃旁路术对合成率分数没有影响。在胃肠道中，15N 保留仅在回肠黏膜中不同，RYGB 大鼠在 1 个月时更高（0.48±0.2%比 0.3±0.09%，P = 0.03）。1 个月时，RYGB 大鼠的肝脏、肌肉和皮肤 15N 回收量较低。15N 从尿和血浆尿素中的回收在两个时间点均在 RYGB 大鼠中更高，导致脱氨增加（13.2±0.9%比 10.1±0.5%，P<0.01）。本研究表明，胃旁路术不会影响蛋白质消化率。几种器官的饮食氮固定在短时间内适度减少。这与胃旁路术后餐后脱氨的持续升高有关，其机制值得进一步研究。
