Brandy J. Lipton (
Jenna Garcia, San Diego State University, San Diego, California.
Health Aff (Millwood). 2024 Aug;43(8):1073-1081. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2023.00873.
More than twelve million US adults ages forty and older are affected by vision impairment, and projections suggest that this number will double by 2050. Although most vision impairment can be eliminated with corrective lenses, many adults lack access to routine eye care. In this study, we analyzed detailed state-by-state Medicaid policies for 2022 and documented variability in coverage for adult vision services. Most fee-for-service Medicaid programs covered routine eye exams, although many did not cover glasses (twenty states) or low vision aids (thirty-five states), and about two-thirds of states with routine coverage required enrollee cost sharing. Managed care plans generally provided consistent or enhanced coverage relative to fee-for-service programs, although coverage sometimes varied between plans within a state. We estimated that about 6.5 million and 14.6 million adult enrollees resided in states without comprehensive coverage for routine eye exams and glasses, respectively. These findings reveal important gaps and opportunities for states to increase access to routine vision care.
超过 1200 万美国 40 岁及以上成年人受到视力障碍的影响,预计到 2050 年,这一数字将翻一番。尽管大多数视力障碍可以通过矫正镜片消除,但许多成年人无法获得常规眼部护理。在这项研究中,我们分析了 2022 年详细的州级医疗补助政策,并记录了成人视力服务覆盖范围的差异。大多数按服务收费的医疗补助计划涵盖了常规眼部检查,尽管许多计划不涵盖眼镜(20 个州)或低视力辅助器具(35 个州),大约三分之二有常规覆盖范围的州要求参保人分担费用。管理式医疗计划通常相对于按服务收费计划提供一致或增强的覆盖范围,尽管在一个州内,不同计划之间的覆盖范围有时会有所不同。我们估计,分别约有 650 万和 1460 万成年参保人居住在没有常规眼部检查和眼镜全面覆盖的州。这些发现揭示了各州在增加常规视力保健服务方面存在的重要差距和机会。