School of Advanced Studies, University of Camerino, Camerino, Macerata, Italy; Unit of Molecular Biology and Nutrigenomics, School of Pharmacy and Health Products, University of Camerino, Camerino, Macerata, Italy.
Unit of Molecular Biology and Nutrigenomics, School of Pharmacy and Health Products, University of Camerino, Camerino, Macerata, Italy.
J Nutr Biochem. 2024 Nov;133:109718. doi: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109718. Epub 2024 Aug 3.
Nonsoy legumes offer many health benefits, including improved arterial function, reduced cholesterol levels, and better management of cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to clarify the inconclusive findings from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) by comprehensively evaluating the effects of nonsoy legumes consumption on serum levels of inflammatory biomarkers and Adiponectin. The search encompassed databases up to January 2024, including PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane CENTRAL to retrieve all RCTs examining the effects of nonsoy legumes on inflammatory biomarkers or Adiponectin. The effect sizes quantified as mean differences (MD) and standard deviations (SD) of outcomes, and an overall effect estimate was derived using a random-effects model. RCTs examining serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α), Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and Adiponectin were included in the final meta-analysis. Results revealed that consumption of nonsoy legumes increased Adiponectin serum levels (P=.0017) and reduced IL-1β serum levels (P<.0001). However, it may not significantly affect CRP (P=.2951), IL-6 (P=.2286), and TNF-α (P=.6661) levels. Subgroup analyses showed that nonsoy legumes consumption significantly decreased TNF-α serum levels in studies involving healthy participants. Additionally, sensitivity analysis using the leave-one-out method suggested a potential significant reduction in serum levels of IL-6. This study indicates that consuming nonsoy legumes can increase levels of Adiponectin and decrease serum levels of IL-1β in overweight or obese adults.
非大豆豆类具有多种健康益处，包括改善动脉功能、降低胆固醇水平，以及更好地控制心血管疾病和 2 型糖尿病。本系统评价和荟萃分析旨在通过综合评估非大豆豆类消费对炎症生物标志物和脂联素血清水平的影响，阐明随机对照试验 (RCT) 得出的不确定结果。该研究检索了截至 2024 年 1 月的数据库，包括 PubMed、EMBASE、MEDLINE、Scopus、Web of Science 和 Cochrane CENTRAL，以检索所有检查非大豆豆类对炎症生物标志物或脂联素影响的 RCT。使用随机效应模型量化了作为结局的均数差 (MD) 和标准差 (SD) 的效应大小，并得出了总体效应估计值。最终的荟萃分析纳入了检查 C 反应蛋白 (CRP)、白细胞介素-6 (IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α (TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1β (IL-1β) 和脂联素血清水平的 RCT。结果表明，非大豆豆类消费增加了脂联素的血清水平 (P=.0017)，降低了 IL-1β 的血清水平 (P<.0001)。然而，它可能不会显著影响 CRP (P=.2951)、IL-6 (P=.2286) 和 TNF-α (P=.6661) 水平。亚组分析表明，非大豆豆类消费在涉及健康参与者的研究中显著降低了 TNF-α 的血清水平。此外，使用逐一剔除法进行的敏感性分析表明，血清中 IL-6 的水平可能会显著降低。本研究表明，超重或肥胖成年人食用非大豆豆类可以增加脂联素水平并降低 IL-1β 血清水平。
