Daari Laura, Finnegan Heather A, Jaiswal Atul, Sriranganathan Aswen, Cameron Courtney D, Haczkewicz Kelsey M, Monnin Caroline, Aubrecht Katie, Bielska Iwona, Cheng Ivy, Conway Aislinn, Sinn Chi-Ling Joanna, Ghandour El-Kebir, Gallant Natasha L
Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada.
Department of Clinical Health Psychology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
Eur Geriatr Med. 2024 Oct;15(5):1231-1243. doi: 10.1007/s41999-024-01029-3. Epub 2024 Aug 5.
The COVID-19 pandemic magnified pre-existing socioeconomic, operational, and structural challenges in long-term care across the world. In Canada, the long-term care sector's dependence on caregivers as a supplement to care workers became apparent once restrictive visitation policies were employed. We conducted a scoping review to better understand the associations between caregiving and resident, formal and informal caregiver health in long-term care before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.
A literature search was performed using MEDLINE, AgeLine, Google Advanced, ArXiv, PROSPERO, and OSF. Pairs of independent reviewers screened titles and abstracts followed by a review of full texts. Studies were included if they reported biological, psychological, or social health outcomes associated with caregiving (or lack thereof).
After screening and reviewing 252 records identified by the search strategy, a total of 20 full-text records were eligible and included in this review. According to our results, research on caregiving increased during the pandemic, and researchers noted restrictive visitation policies had an adverse impact on health outcomes for residents and formal and informal caregivers. In comparison, caregiving in long-term care prior to the pandemic, and once visitation policies became less restrictive, led to mostly beneficial health outcomes.
Caregiver interventions, for the most part, appear to promote better health outcomes for long-term care residents and formal and informal caregivers. Suggestions to better support caregiving in long-term care settings are offered.
新冠疫情加剧了全球长期护理领域先前存在的社会经济、运营和结构方面的挑战。在加拿大，一旦实施了限制性探视政策，长期护理部门对作为护理人员补充力量的照护者的依赖就变得明显起来。我们开展了一项范围综述，以更好地了解在新冠疫情之前及期间，长期护理中照护行为与居民、正式和非正式照护者健康之间的关联。
使用MEDLINE、AgeLine、谷歌高级搜索、ArXiv、PROSPERO和开放科学框架（OSF）进行文献检索。由两名独立评审员对标题和摘要进行筛选，随后对全文进行评审。如果研究报告了与照护行为（或缺乏照护行为）相关的生物学、心理学或社会健康结果，则纳入该研究。
在筛选和评审了搜索策略所识别的252条记录后，共有20篇全文记录符合条件并纳入本综述。根据我们的结果，疫情期间对照护行为的研究有所增加，研究人员指出，限制性探视政策对居民以及正式和非正式照护者的健康结果产生了不利影响。相比之下，在疫情之前以及探视政策限制减少后，长期护理中的照护行为大多带来了有益的健康结果。
在很大程度上，照护者干预措施似乎能为长期护理居民以及正式和非正式照护者带来更好的健康结果。本文还提供了关于如何更好地支持长期护理环境中照护行为的建议。
