Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, 312000, China.
Department of Medical Research Center, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, 312000, China.
J Transl Med. 2024 Aug 5;22(1):728. doi: 10.1186/s12967-024-05531-x.
Cancer remains a leading cause of global mortality. The tumor microbiota has increasingly been recognized as a key regulator of cancer onset and progression, in addition to shaping tumor responses to immunotherapy. Microbes, including viruses, bacteria, fungi, and other eukaryotic species can impact the internal homeostasis and health of humans. Research focused on the gut microflora and the intratumoral microbiome has revolutionized the current understanding of how tumors grow, progress, and resist therapeutic interventions. Even with this research, however, there remains relatively little that is known with respect to the abundance of microbes and their effects on tumors and the tumor microenvironment. Engineered exosomes are a class of artificial extracellular nanovesicles that can actively transport small molecule drugs and nucleic acids, which have the broad prospects of tumor cell therapy. The present review offers an overview of recent progress and challenges associated with the intratumoral microbiome and engineered exosomes in the context of cancer research. These discussions are used to inform the construction of a novel framework for engineered exosome-mediated targeted drug delivery, taking advantage of intratumoral microbiota diversity as a strategic asset and thereby providing new opportunities to more effectively treat and manage cancer in the clinic.
癌症仍然是全球死亡的主要原因。肿瘤微生物群已被越来越多地认为是癌症发生和进展的关键调节剂，除了影响肿瘤对免疫疗法的反应。微生物，包括病毒、细菌、真菌和其他真核生物，会影响人类的内部平衡和健康。专注于肠道微生物群和肿瘤内微生物组的研究彻底改变了人们对肿瘤如何生长、进展和抵抗治疗干预的现有认识。然而，即使有了这项研究，对于微生物的丰度及其对肿瘤和肿瘤微环境的影响，人们仍然知之甚少。工程外泌体是一类人工细胞外纳米囊泡，能够主动运输小分子药物和核酸，具有广泛的肿瘤细胞治疗前景。本综述概述了与肿瘤研究中肿瘤内微生物组和工程外泌体相关的最新进展和挑战。这些讨论被用来为基于肿瘤内微生物多样性的工程外泌体介导的靶向药物输送构建一个新的框架提供信息，从而为更有效地治疗和管理癌症提供新的机会。
