Li Ying, Zhang Li, He Meifang, Zhao Yuebin
The Ninth Clinical School of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan Central Hospital, Taiyuan, 030000, Shanxi, China.
Department of Endocrinology, Taiyuan Central Hospital, Taiyuan, 030000, Shanxi, China.
Heliyon. 2024 Jul 9;10(14):e34368. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34368. eCollection 2024 Jul 30.
Diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) seriously threaten the health and quality of life of patients. The microbiota is the primary reason for the refractory and high recurrence of DFU. This study aimed to determine the wound microbiota at different DFU stages.
Wound samples were collected from 48 patients with DFU and divided into three phases: inflammatory (I, n = 49), proliferation (P, n = 22), and remodeling (R, n = 19). The wound samples obtained at different stages were then subjected to 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The number of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) in the different groups was calculated according to the criterion of 97 % sequence similarity. The diversity of the microbiota differentially presented bacterial taxa at the phylum and genus levels, and important phyla and genera in the different groups were further explored.
After sequencing, 3351, 925, and 777 OTUs were observed in groups I, P, and R, respectively, and 175 OTUs overlapped. Compared with the inflammatory stage, the α-diversity of wound microbiota at proliferation and remodeling stages was significantly decreased ( < 0.05). At the phylum level, , , , and were the dominant phyla, accounting for more than 90 % of all the phyla. At the genus level, Random Forest and linear discriminant analysis effect size analyses showed that , , , , , , and were the signature wound microbiota for the inflammatory stage; , , , and were important species for the proliferation stage; and the crucial genera for the remodeling stage were , , , , and .
There were significant differences in the composition and structure of the wound microbiota in patients with DFU at different stages, which may lay a foundation for effectively promoting wound healing in DFU.
糖尿病足溃疡（DFU）严重威胁患者的健康和生活质量。微生物群是DFU难治性和高复发率的主要原因。本研究旨在确定DFU不同阶段的伤口微生物群。
从48例DFU患者中采集伤口样本，并分为三个阶段：炎症期（I，n = 49）、增殖期（P，n = 22）和重塑期（R，n = 19）。然后对不同阶段获得的伤口样本进行16S rRNA基因测序。根据97%序列相似性标准计算不同组中的可操作分类单元（OTU）数量。微生物群的多样性在门和属水平上差异呈现细菌分类群，并进一步探索不同组中的重要门和属。
测序后，在I组、P组和R组中分别观察到3351、925和777个OTU，并且有175个OTU重叠。与炎症期相比，增殖期和重塑期伤口微生物群的α多样性显著降低（<0.05）。在门水平上， 、 、 、 和 是优势门，占所有门的90%以上。在属水平上，随机森林和线性判别分析效应大小分析表明， 、 、 、 、 、 和 是炎症期的标志性伤口微生物群； 、 、 和 是增殖期的重要物种；重塑期的关键属是 、 、 、 和 。
DFU患者不同阶段伤口微生物群的组成和结构存在显著差异，这可能为有效促进DFU伤口愈合奠定基础。
