Heurley Loïc P, Obrecht Léa, Vanborren Hélène, Touzard Fleur, Brouillet Thibaut
Laboratoire sur les Interactions Cognition, Action, Émotion (LICAE)-Université Paris Nanterre, 200 avenue, 92001, de La République, Nanterre Cedex, France.
Psychon Bull Rev. 2025 Feb;32(1):442-451. doi: 10.3758/s13423-024-02553-w. Epub 2024 Aug 6.
We investigated the contribution of multisensory predictions to body ownership, and beyond, to the integration of body-related signals. Contrary to the prevailing idea, according to which, to be integrated, cues necessarily have to be perceived simultaneously, we instead proposed the prediction-confirmation account. According to this account, a perceived cue can be integrated with a predicted cue as long as both signals are relatively simultaneous. To test this hypothesis, a standard rubber hand illusion (RHI) paradigm was used. In the first part of each trial, the illusion was induced while participants observed the rubber hand being touched with a paintbrush. In the subsequent part of the trial, (i) both rubber hand and the participant's real hand were stroked as before (i.e., visible/synchronous condition), (ii) the rubber hand was not stroke anymore (i.e., visible/tactile-only condition), or (iii) both rubber hand and the participant's real hand were synchronously stroked while the location where the rubber hand was touched was occulted (i.e., occulted/synchronous condition). However, in this latter condition, participants still perceived the approaching movement of the paintbrush. Thus, based on this visual cue, the participants can properly predict the timepoint at which the tactile cue should occur (i.e., visuotactile predictions). Our major finding was that compared with the visible/tactile-only condition, the occulted/synchronous condition did not exhibit a decrease of the RHI as in the visible/synchronous condition. This finding supports the prediction-confirmation account and suggests that this mechanism operates even in the standard version of the RHI.
我们研究了多感官预测对身体所有权的贡献，以及对身体相关信号整合的贡献。与普遍观点相反，普遍观点认为，为了进行整合，线索必须同时被感知，我们提出了预测-确认理论。根据这一理论，只要两个信号相对同时出现，一个被感知的线索就可以与一个预测的线索整合。为了验证这一假设，我们使用了标准的橡胶手错觉（RHI）范式。在每个试验的第一部分，当参与者观察橡胶手被画笔触摸时诱发错觉。在试验的后续部分，（i）橡胶手和参与者的真实手都像之前一样被抚摸（即可见/同步条件），（ii）橡胶手不再被抚摸（即可见/仅触觉条件），或者（iii）橡胶手和参与者的真实手在橡胶手被触摸的位置被遮挡时同步被抚摸（即遮挡/同步条件）。然而，在后一种条件下，参与者仍然感知到画笔的接近运动。因此，基于这个视觉线索，参与者可以正确预测触觉线索应该出现的时间点（即视觉-触觉预测）。我们的主要发现是，与可见/仅触觉条件相比，遮挡/同步条件并没有像可见/同步条件那样表现出橡胶手错觉的降低。这一发现支持了预测-确认理论，并表明这种机制甚至在标准版本的橡胶手错觉中也起作用。
