School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, 330013, China.
School of Life Science, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, 330013, China.
Eur J Med Chem. 2024 Nov 5;277:116712. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116712. Epub 2024 Aug 2.
Quaternization of ruthenium complexes may be a promising strategy for the development of new antibiotics. In response to the increasing bacterial resistance, we integrated the quaternary amine structure into the design of ruthenium complexes and evaluated their antibacterial activity. All the ruthenium complexes showed good antibacterial activity against the tested Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). Ru-8 was the most effective antibacterial agent that displayed excellent antibacterial activity against S. aureus (MIC = 0.78-1.56 μg/mL). In vitro experiments showed that all nine ruthenium complexes had low hemolytic toxicity to rabbit erythrocytes. Notably, Ru-8 was found to disrupt bacterial cell membranes, alter their permeability, and induce ROS production in bacteria, all the above leading to the death of bacteria without inducing drug resistance. To further explore the antibacterial activity of Ru-8in vivo, we established a mouse skin wound infection model and a G. mellonella larvae infection model. Ru-8 exhibited significant antibacterial efficacy against S. aureus in vivo and low toxicity to mouse tissues. The Ru-8 showed low toxicity to Raw264.7 cells (mouse monocyte macrophage leukemia cells). This study indicates that the ruthenium complex ruthenium quaternary was a promising strategy for the development of new antibacterial agents.
季铵化钌配合物可能是开发新型抗生素的一种有前途的策略。针对日益严重的细菌耐药性问题,我们将季铵结构整合到钌配合物的设计中,并评估了它们的抗菌活性。所有钌配合物对测试的金黄色葡萄球菌(S. aureus)均显示出良好的抗菌活性。Ru-8 是最有效的抗菌剂,对 S. aureus 显示出优异的抗菌活性(MIC = 0.78-1.56μg/mL)。体外实验表明,所有九个钌配合物对兔红细胞的溶血毒性都很低。值得注意的是,Ru-8 被发现破坏细菌细胞膜,改变其通透性,并在细菌中诱导 ROS 产生,所有这些都导致细菌死亡而不会诱导耐药性。为了进一步探索 Ru-8 在体内的抗菌活性,我们建立了小鼠皮肤伤口感染模型和 G. mellonella 幼虫感染模型。Ru-8 在体内对 S. aureus 表现出显著的抗菌功效,对小鼠组织的毒性低。Ru-8 对 Raw264.7 细胞(小鼠单核巨噬细胞白血病细胞)的毒性低。本研究表明,季铵化钌配合物是开发新型抗菌剂的一种有前途的策略。