National Institute of Science and Technology on Plant Physiology Under Stress Conditions, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
Laboratory of Hormonal Control of Plant Development. Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo, 13418-900 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
Curr Opin Biotechnol. 2024 Oct;89:103177. doi: 10.1016/j.copbio.2024.103177. Epub 2024 Aug 5.
The advent of highly efficient genome editing (GE) tools, coupled with high-throughput genome sequencing, has paved the way for the accelerated domestication of crop wild relatives. New crops could thus be rapidly created that are well adapted to cope with drought, flooding, soil salinity, or insect damage. De novo domestication avoids the complexity of transferring polygenic stress resistance from wild species to crops. Instead, new crops can be created by manipulating major genes in stress-resistant wild species. However, the genetic basis of certain relevant domestication-related traits often involve epistasis and pleiotropy. Furthermore, pan-genome analyses show that structural variation driving gene expression changes has been selected during domestication. A growing body of work suggests that the Solanaceae family, which includes crop species such as tomatoes, potatoes, eggplants, peppers, and tobacco, is a suitable model group to dissect these phenomena and operate changes in wild relatives to improve agronomic traits rapidly with GE. We briefly discuss the prospects of this exciting novel field in the interface between fundamental and applied plant biology and its potential impact in the coming years.
高效基因组编辑 (GE) 工具的出现，加上高通量基因组测序，为加速作物野生亲缘种的驯化铺平了道路。因此，可以快速创造出适应干旱、洪水、土壤盐度或虫害的新型作物。从头驯化避免了将多基因胁迫抗性从野生种转移到作物中的复杂性。相反，可以通过操纵抗胁迫野生种中的主要基因来创造新作物。然而，某些相关驯化相关性状的遗传基础通常涉及上位性和多效性。此外，泛基因组分析表明，在驯化过程中选择了驱动基因表达变化的结构变异。越来越多的研究表明，茄科（包括番茄、土豆、茄子、辣椒和烟草等作物）是一个合适的模型组，可以剖析这些现象，并通过 GE 对野生亲缘种进行操作，快速改善农艺性状。我们简要讨论了基础和应用植物生物学界面中这一令人兴奋的新领域的前景及其在未来几年的潜在影响。
