Li J M, Wang M, Luo J F, Wang R J, Chao X H, Fan Z M, Wang H B, Xu L
Department of Auditory Implantation, Shandong University Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong Second Provincial General Hospital, Shandong Provincial Institute of Otolaryngology, Jinan 250022, China.
Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2024 Jul 7;59(7):696-704. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20230825-00061.
To investigate the development of receptive and expressive vocabulary in Mandarin-speaking children with cochlear implants (CI) during the first year after CI activation. A total of 827 children (411 boys and 416 girls) who were implanted CI before 2.5 years of age from October 2019 to December 2022 in the Department of Auditory Implantation, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital were included in this study. The Infant Checklist of the Mandarin Early Vocabulary Inventory (EVI) was used to assess the quantity and content of receptive and expressive vocabulary at the time of CI activation and at the 1st, 3rd, 6th, 9th, 12th months post-activation. SPSS 22.0 was used to describe the receptive and expressive vocabulary of CI children at the first year after activation. During the first year after CI activation, CI children's receptive and expressive vocabulary consistently increased with the CI usage. The average number of receptive vocabulary and expressive vocabulary respectively increased from 0 to 178, and from 0 to 97. At the first year of post-activation, the number of receptive and expressive vocabulary of CI children were superior to that of hearing-age matched typical-hearing children, but fell behind of that of chronological age matched typical-hearing children. In terms of lexical categories, receptive and expressive vocabulary was acquired in the following order: nouns, verbs, adjectives, and pronouns. Among the top 50 words that CI children could express, nouns were the most common, then followed by verbs, adjectives, and pronouns. Father's education level can significantly and positively predictethe receptive vocabulary of CI children at the first year post-activation. At the first year after CI activation, the 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles were 113, 149, 178, 202, 223 for the receptive vocabulary, and 9, 37, 97, 148, 188 for expressive vocabulary. For Mandarin speaking children with CI, the receptive and expression vocabulary continuely increased within the first year after CI activation. The ability to grasp receptive vocabulary precedes the ability to express expressive vocabulary. Compared to hearing-age matched typical-hearing children, CI children showed faster rate of the vocabulary growth, and earlier and more frequently verb expression. However, it still larged behind that of chronological age matched hearing normal children. CI children respectively understood and expressed nouns and verbs the first. In children with CI, the first concepts understood and expressed were nouns and verbs. Among the first 50 words expressed, nouns were the most numerous, and the age at which verbs were acquired was earlier than that for hearing-age matched typical-hearing children.
探讨人工耳蜗（CI）植入后第一年，使用普通话的CI儿童接受性词汇和表达性词汇的发展情况。本研究纳入了2019年10月至2022年12月在山东省耳鼻喉医院听觉植入科2.5岁之前接受CI植入的827名儿童（411名男孩和416名女孩）。使用《普通话早期词汇量表（EVI）婴儿检查表》评估CI激活时以及激活后第1、3、6、9、12个月的接受性词汇和表达性词汇的数量及内容。使用SPSS 22.0描述CI儿童激活后第一年的接受性词汇和表达性词汇情况。在CI激活后的第一年，CI儿童的接受性词汇和表达性词汇随着CI使用时间的增加而持续增长。接受性词汇的平均数量从0增加到178，表达性词汇的平均数量从0增加到97。激活后第一年，CI儿童的接受性词汇和表达性词汇数量优于听力年龄匹配的听力正常儿童，但落后于实际年龄匹配的听力正常儿童。在词汇类别方面，接受性词汇和表达性词汇的习得顺序为：名词、动词、形容词和代词。在CI儿童能够表达的前50个词汇中，名词最为常见，其次是动词、形容词和代词。父亲的教育水平能够显著正向预测CI儿童激活后第一年的接受性词汇。CI激活后第一年，接受性词汇的第10、25、50、75和90百分位数分别为113、149、178、202、223，表达性词汇的相应百分位数分别为9、37、97、148、188。对于使用普通话的CI儿童，CI激活后的第一年接受性和表达性词汇持续增加。掌握接受性词汇的能力先于表达性词汇的表达能力。与听力年龄匹配的听力正常儿童相比，CI儿童的词汇增长速度更快，动词表达更早且更频繁。然而，其词汇量仍大幅落后于实际年龄匹配的听力正常儿童。CI儿童首先理解和表达的是名词和动词。在CI儿童中，首先理解和表达的概念是名词和动词。在表达的前50个词汇中，名词数量最多，习得动词的年龄早于听力年龄匹配的听力正常儿童。
