Cancer Research Center on Health Equity, Division of Population Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 6500 Wilshire Blvd., Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, 94114, USA.
BMC Public Health. 2024 Aug 6;24(1):2128. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-19435-4.
Dietary acculturation is the process by which diet and dietary practises from the environment of origin are retained or changed and/or those prevalent in a new environment are adopted. Despite rapid population growth the U.S., knowledge gaps exist on characterising dietary acculturation among Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander communities (AANHPI). This study characterise dietary patterns in a sample representative of AANHPI on key demographic characteristics.
Data were from a 2013-2014 population-based case-control study in the San Francisco Bay Area, U.S. Survey items were adapted from dietary acculturation scales developed for AANHPI populations. Validated measures assessed social capital, social standing, discrimination and immigration experiences. A principal components factor analysis was conducted to characterise dietary patterns of acculturation.
Three dietary patterns were identified: "Asian," "Western," and a distinct "Multicultural" factor. Respondents reporting a high-Asian diet tended to also report smaller social networks, higher levels of stress, and, among those born outside of the U.S., an educational standing that was better before immigration. Respondents reporting a high-Western diet tended to also report the highest level of discrimination. Those reporting a high-Multicultural diet tended to report higher neighbourhood collective efficacy.
The finding of a distinct "Multicultural" factor beyond the typical "Asian" and "Western" factors may reflect the multidirectional relationships between culture, diet, and dietary behavior, in which origin and destination cultures interact in complex ways and where foods from multiple ethnicities intermix.
饮食文化适应是指保留或改变原籍环境中的饮食和饮食习惯，以及采用新环境中流行的饮食的过程。尽管美国人口增长迅速，但在描述亚裔美国人、夏威夷原住民和太平洋岛民社区（AANHPI）的饮食文化适应方面仍存在知识差距。本研究旨在描述具有代表性的 AANHPI 人群在关键人口统计学特征方面的饮食模式。
数据来自美国旧金山湾区的一项 2013-2014 年基于人群的病例对照研究。调查项目改编自为 AANHPI 人群开发的饮食文化适应量表。经过验证的措施评估了社会资本、社会地位、歧视和移民经历。进行主成分因子分析以描述饮食文化适应模式。
确定了三种饮食模式：“亚洲”、“西方”和独特的“多元文化”因素。报告高亚洲饮食的受访者往往也报告社交网络较小、压力水平较高，而且对于那些出生在美国境外的人来说，移民前的教育水平更好。报告高西方饮食的受访者往往报告最高水平的歧视。报告高多元文化饮食的受访者往往报告更高的邻里集体效能。
除了典型的“亚洲”和“西方”因素之外，发现一个独特的“多元文化”因素可能反映了文化、饮食和饮食行为之间的多向关系，其中原籍和目的地文化以复杂的方式相互作用，来自多种族裔的食物相互混合。
