Department of Community Health, Tufts University, 574 Boston Ave, Suite 208, Medford, MA, 02155, USA.
Department of Sociology & Criminology, University of New Mexico, MSC05 3080, 1915 Roma NE Ste. 1103, Albuquerque, NM, 8713, USA.
BMC Public Health. 2019 Nov 6;19(1):1458. doi: 10.1186/s12889-019-7811-0.
The overweight/obesity epidemic is a public health issue in the United States (US), that disproportionately affect certain racial/ethnic minority groups. Perceived discrimination has been implicated as a health risk factor. However, research on race/ethnicity, perceived discrimination, and obesity has been mixed. Researchers suggest that perceptions of discrimination may be dependent upon nativity status. This study evaluated the role that nativity status and race/ethnicity play in the relationship between perceived discrimination and overweight/obesity.
We used Wave 2 of the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (2004-2005) [N = 33,319]). Multinomial logistic regression assessed a three-way interaction (perceived discrimination × race/ethnicity × nativity) on overweight and obesity, adjusting for sociodemographic factors and health-related behaviors.
The three-way interaction was significant for overweight [F (17, 49) = 3.35; p < 0.001] and obesity [F (17, 49) = 5.05; p < 0.001]. Among US-born individuals, US-born non-Hispanic Blacks had a decreased risk of being obese compared to US-born non-Hispanic Whites at mean levels of perceived discrimination [aRRR = 0.71; 95% CI (0.51-0.98); p = 0.04). Among foreign-born individuals, foreign-born South Americans had an increased risk of being overweight at mean levels of perceived discrimination compared to foreign-born non-Hispanic Whites [aRRR = 8.07; 95% CI (1.68-38.77); p = 0.01], whereas foreign-born Dominicans had a decreased risk of being obese compared to foreign-born non-Hispanic Whites [aRRR = 0.05; 95% CI (0.01-0.20); p < 0.001].
Perceived racial discrimination is a risk factor for overweight/obesity for certain groups. Race/ethnicity and nativity may play important roles in the relationship between perceived discrimination and overweight/obesity. Future research is needed to identify the behavioral and psychological pathways that link perceived discrimination and overweight/obesity.
超重/肥胖是美国的一个公共卫生问题，它不成比例地影响某些种族/少数民族群体。人们认为歧视是一个健康风险因素。然而，关于种族/族裔、感知歧视和肥胖的研究结果不一。研究人员认为，对歧视的看法可能取决于原籍国身份。本研究评估了原籍国身份和种族/族裔在感知歧视与超重/肥胖之间的关系中所起的作用。
我们使用了国家酒精相关情况流行病学调查（2004-2005 年）的第二波数据（n=33319）。多变量逻辑回归评估了感知歧视×种族/族裔×原籍国之间的三重相互作用对超重和肥胖的影响，同时调整了社会人口统计学因素和与健康相关的行为。
超重（F(17,49)=3.35;p<0.001）和肥胖（F(17,49)=5.05;p<0.001）的三重相互作用具有统计学意义。在美国出生的人群中，与美国出生的非西班牙裔白人相比，美国出生的非西班牙裔黑人在感知歧视的平均水平下肥胖的风险降低（调整后的相对危险比[aRRR]=0.71;95%置信区间[CI]（0.51-0.98）;p=0.04）。在外国出生的人群中，与外国出生的非西班牙裔白人相比，在感知歧视的平均水平下，外国出生的南美洲人超重的风险增加（调整后的相对危险比[aRRR]=8.07;95%CI（1.68-38.77）;p=0.01），而外国出生的多米尼加人肥胖的风险降低（调整后的相对危险比[aRRR]=0.05;95%CI（0.01-0.20）;p<0.001）。
感知到的种族歧视是某些群体超重/肥胖的一个风险因素。种族/族裔和原籍国可能在感知歧视与超重/肥胖之间的关系中起着重要作用。需要进一步研究来确定将感知歧视与超重/肥胖联系起来的行为和心理途径。
