Alveolar macrophages and monocyte subpopulations during NK65 experimental malaria-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Alveolar macrophages (AM) and monocytes (MO) are myeloid cells that play a substantial role in the development and establishment of the innate and adaptive immune response. These cells are crucial for host defense against various pathogens, but their role in malaria is poorly understood. Here, we characterize the dynamics of AMs and recruited leukocytes subpopulations in the airways during experimental NK65-NY (PbNK65). We show that PbNK65 infection induces an increased pulmonary vascular permeability that provides Ly6C MOs, neutrophils (NEU), CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes in the airways. This inflammatory environment resulted in an increase in the population and alteration of the activation state of the AMs. Taken together, the data presented provide new insights into airway inflammation associated with pulmonary malaria.