Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, 65151, Indonesia.
Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Service Agency, Bengkalis Regional Government, Riau, Indonesia.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2024 Aug 7;56(7):237. doi: 10.1007/s11250-024-04067-y.
This study describes the first outbreak of Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD) in cattle in the Bengkalis region, Indonesia, and vaccination to control the epidemic. Data on the outbreak and vaccination was obtained from the local veterinary authority of the Bengkalis region, Indonesia. Climatological data was provided by the Meteorological, Climatological, and Geophysical Agency of Riau Province. Over the 5.5 months, the outbreak caused 10.4% (94/906) morbidity and 0.6% (6/906) mortality of cattle on infected farms. Temporally, three epidemic waves occurred during the outbreak period. Villages with cattle populations of > 150 animals (n = 36) were 5.3 times more likely to be infected with LSD compared to villages with smaller cattle populations (n = 107) (CI: 2.56-10.90, P < 0.01). The vaccination campaign covered 43.8% of cattle in villages within a 10 km radius of the cases. However, vaccination in villages with larger cattle populations (n = 29) was 0.63 less likely to cover 50% of the cattle populations compared to villages with smaller cattle populations (n = 41) (CI: 0.39-1.02, P = 0.05). By the time the first two and the major waves ceased, vaccination had covered only 0.0% (n = 6036), 27.8% (n = 6,036) and 9.7% (n = 5,697) of the cattle in the 10 km radius of the respective spatial clusters. The outbreak was statistically associated with rainfall and its interaction with temperature (F(2, 13) = 5.822, R = 0.47, P = 0.016). This study indicates that the LSD outbreak had low morbidity and mortality. Despite the low vaccination rate, the outbreak ceased, possibly due to plummeting of the abundance of insect vectors.
本研究描述了印度尼西亚邦加槟港地区牛的首例块状皮肤病（LSD）暴发及为控制疫情而进行的疫苗接种情况。暴发和疫苗接种数据来自印度尼西亚邦加槟港地区的地方兽医当局。气候数据由廖内省气象、气候和地球物理机构提供。在 5.5 个月的时间里，受感染农场的牛发病率为 10.4%（94/906），死亡率为 0.6%（6/906）。从时间上看，暴发期间发生了三波疫情。牛群数量超过 150 头的村庄（n=36）感染 LSD 的可能性是牛群数量较小的村庄（n=107）的 5.3 倍（95%CI：2.56-10.90，P<0.01）。疫苗接种运动覆盖了病例半径 10 公里范围内 43.8%的牛。然而，在牛群数量较大的村庄（n=29）中，疫苗接种覆盖 50%牛群的可能性比牛群数量较小的村庄（n=41）低 0.63（95%CI：0.39-1.02，P=0.05）。当第一波和第二波疫情结束时，疫苗接种仅覆盖了相应空间集群半径 10 公里范围内的 0.0%（n=6036）、27.8%（n=6，036）和 9.7%（n=5，697）的牛。疫情与降雨量及其与温度的相互作用呈统计学关联（F(2, 13)=5.822，R=0.47，P=0.016）。本研究表明，LSD 暴发的发病率和死亡率较低。尽管疫苗接种率较低，但疫情已经停止，这可能是由于昆虫媒介数量的急剧下降所致。
