Shamshirgaran Mohammad Ali, Golchin Mehdi
Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
Front Vet Sci. 2024 Jul 24;11:1429637. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1429637. eCollection 2024.
Necrotic enteritis (NE) is a severe gastrointestinal disease that poses a significant threat to the poultry industry. It leads to progressive damage to the small intestine, reduced performance, increased mortality rates, and substantial economic losses. With the removal of antimicrobial agents from chicken feed, there is an urgent need to find alternative approaches for NE control. Various approaches, including vaccination, prebiotics, probiotics, and plant-derived products, have been utilized to address NE in poultry management. To evaluate the efficacy of these preventive measures against NE, successful induction of NE is crucial to observe effects of these approaches in related studies. This study presents a comprehensive overview of the methods and approaches utilized for NE reproduction in related studies from 2004 to 2023. These considerations are the careful selection of a virulent strain, preparation of challenge inoculum, choice of time and the route for challenge inoculum administration, and utilization of one or more predisposing factors to increase the rate of NE occurrence in birds under experiment. We also reviewed the different systems used for lesion scoring of NE-challenged birds. By gaining clarity on these fundamental parameters, researchers can make informed decisions regarding the selection of the most appropriate NE experimental design in their respective studies.
坏死性肠炎（NE）是一种严重的胃肠道疾病，对家禽业构成重大威胁。它会导致小肠的渐进性损伤、生产性能下降、死亡率上升以及巨大的经济损失。随着鸡饲料中抗菌剂的停用，迫切需要找到控制坏死性肠炎的替代方法。在家禽管理中，人们采用了多种方法来应对坏死性肠炎，包括疫苗接种、益生元、益生菌和植物源产品。为了评估这些预防措施对坏死性肠炎的疗效，成功诱导坏死性肠炎对于在相关研究中观察这些方法的效果至关重要。本研究全面概述了2004年至2023年相关研究中用于复制坏死性肠炎的方法和途径。这些考量包括精心选择强毒株、制备攻毒接种物、选择攻毒接种物的给药时间和途径，以及利用一个或多个诱发因素来提高实验鸡群中坏死性肠炎的发生率。我们还回顾了用于对感染坏死性肠炎的鸡进行病变评分的不同系统。通过明确这些基本参数，研究人员可以在各自的研究中就选择最合适的坏死性肠炎实验设计做出明智的决策。
