Awassi is a fat-tailed sheep breed, and the best breed in Syria is famous. Awassi sheep are Syria's main source of red meat and milk production. In this study, we estimated the influence of various factors on sheep meat and milk production using time-series data from 1961 to 2020. This study employed the Cobb-Douglas production function to analyze the data. The results obtained indicate that Awassi meat production in Syria was positively and significantly influenced by carcass weight ( < 0.001) and quantity of slaughtered sheep ( < 0.001), with elasticity coefficients of 0.994 and 1.000, respectively. The model results show that raw milk yield and milk animals have a positive and significant influence on milk production at the 0.1 % significance level, with an elasticity coefficient of 0.998. However, climatic factors (precipitation and temperature) have a significant effect and negative influence on milk production at the 1 % and 5 % significance levels, respectively. This result sheds light on the policies and procedures the government should implement to develop sheep production in Syria. Therefore, it can be stated that policymakers should enhance the quality and productivity characterization of sheep through the implementation of breeding programs, improve grazing potential, and protect natural pastures. Furthermore, feed rations should be supported to help breeders overcome the effects of drought and high feed prices.