Zavaleta-Monestel Esteban, Arrieta-Vega Dina, Rojas-Chinchilla Carolina, Campos-Hernández Jeimy, García-Montero Jonathan, Quesada-Villaseñor Ricardo, Anchía-Alfaro Adriana, Arguedas-Chacón Sebastián
Pharmacy, Hospital Clinica Biblica, San Jose, CRI.
Rheumatology, Hospital Clínica Bíblica, San José, CRI.
Cureus. 2024 Jul 8;16(7):e64090. doi: 10.7759/cureus.64090. eCollection 2024 Jul.
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects multiple organs and systems. It is characterized by the production of abnormal antibodies that attack healthy cells and tissues. The disease presents a wide range of symptoms and severity, from mild to severe. Diagnosis can be complex, but the classification criteria of the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) help to facilitate it. Incidence and prevalence vary considerably worldwide, mainly affecting adult women between the third and fourth decades of life, although it can also occur in childhood. The prognosis of SLE has improved over time, but there is still a risk of irreversible organ damage. Treatment is individualized for each patient and is based on immunosuppression and the use of corticosteroids. Biological therapies, such as monoclonal antibodies, have emerged as a more specific alternative. Methotrexate, antimalarials, glucocorticoids, immunosuppressants, and monoclonal antibodies are some of the medications used to treat SLE. New therapeutic strategies are currently being developed, such as targeted therapies, immunomodulators, and biological agents. Treatment adherence, monitoring, and regular follow-up are important aspects of SLE management. This article aims to describe the characteristics of the new monoclonal antibody therapies that exist for the management of SLE.
系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）是一种影响多个器官和系统的慢性自身免疫性疾病。其特征是产生攻击健康细胞和组织的异常抗体。该疾病表现出广泛的症状和严重程度，从轻度到重度不等。诊断可能较为复杂，但美国风湿病学会（ACR）的分类标准有助于简化诊断过程。全球范围内，其发病率和患病率差异很大，主要影响30至40岁的成年女性，不过也可能在儿童期发病。随着时间的推移，SLE的预后有所改善，但仍存在不可逆器官损伤的风险。治疗针对每个患者进行个体化，基于免疫抑制和使用皮质类固醇。生物疗法，如单克隆抗体，已成为一种更具特异性的替代疗法。甲氨蝶呤、抗疟药、糖皮质激素、免疫抑制剂和单克隆抗体是用于治疗SLE的一些药物。目前正在开发新的治疗策略，如靶向疗法、免疫调节剂和生物制剂。治疗依从性、监测和定期随访是SLE管理的重要方面。本文旨在描述用于SLE管理的新型单克隆抗体疗法的特点。
