Butler Colin, Caplanne Emmanuel, Punch Jeff
Stokes Laboratories, Bernal Institute, School of Engineering, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
Thermal Control Section (TEC-MTT), European Space Agency (ESA), ESTEC, Noordwijk, Netherlands.
HardwareX. 2024 Jul 11;19:e00558. doi: 10.1016/j.ohx.2024.e00558. eCollection 2024 Sep.
Two-phase cooling devices are used to remove and dissipate heat from high power-density electronic systems to maintain them within their operating temperature limits. The manufacture of these devices, such as heat pipes, thermosyphons or vapour chambers, involves firstly removing any internal air or non-condensable gases before charging with the required volume of working fluid. This paper presents detailed designs and operating instructions for a single bench-top station for use in a laboratory environment for the vacuum evacuation, degassing and charging of these devices. Two configurations allow for the filling of fluids which are either liquids or gases at standard temperature and pressure conditions. For liquids, the dispensed volume can be measured directly on an integrated burette, while the method of vapour transfer is used for gases. The hardware was demonstrated by filling multiple thermosyphon devices with a number of common working fluids used in two-phase systems, including water, acetone and ammonia. It was shown to deliver precise and repeatable filling volumes with average differences compared to target volumes of 1.7% and 10.5% for liquids and gases respectively. The design is intended to be highly customisable where its size can be modified to accommodate filling volume requirements for different applications.
两相冷却装置用于从高功率密度电子系统中移除和散发热量，以将其维持在工作温度限制范围内。这些装置的制造，如热管、热虹吸管或蒸汽腔，首先需要在充入所需体积的工作流体之前去除任何内部空气或不可凝气体。本文介绍了一种用于实验室环境的单一台式工作站的详细设计和操作说明，该工作站用于这些装置的抽真空、除气和充液。两种配置允许填充在标准温度和压力条件下为液体或气体的流体。对于液体，可以直接在集成滴定管上测量分配的体积，而对于气体则使用蒸汽转移方法。通过用两相系统中使用的多种常见工作流体（包括水、丙酮和氨）填充多个热虹吸管装置，对该硬件进行了演示。结果表明，对于液体和气体，与目标体积相比，其平均差异分别为1.7%和10.5%，能够提供精确且可重复的填充体积。该设计旨在具有高度可定制性，其尺寸可以修改以适应不同应用的填充体积要求。
