Role of Desmopressin Acetate before Percutaneous Ultrasound-Guided Kidney Biopsy in Patients with Kidney Dysfunction.

BACKGROUND

The most common complication of percutaneous kidney biopsy is bleeding, which can be seen in up to one-third of cases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of prebiopsy administration of intranasal desmopressin acetate in reducing the incidence of biopsy-related bleeding complications.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

This was a prospective randomized double-blind pilot study conducted at our center from January 2021 to September 2022. Consecutive adult patients who underwent native percutaneous kidney biopsy with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≤45 ml/min/1.73 m were randomized into a placebo (saline intranasal spray) group versus intranasal desmopressin group. The bleeding complications were compared between the two groups.

RESULTS

A total of 80 patients who underwent kidney biopsy at our center from January 2021 to September 2022 with eGFR ≤45 ml/min/1.73 m were included (40 patients in desmopressin group and 40 patients in non-desmopressin group) in the study. The mean age of the patients was 44 ± 12 years with a mean eGFR of 20.82 ± 12.64 ml/min/1.73 m. Intranasal desmopressin administration before kidney biopsy was associated with a significantly higher number of minor bleeding complications ( = 0.02) and no significant reduction in major complications ( = 0.15) when compared with a group that did not receive desmopressin. Other complications like hypotension, flushing, and vasovagal syncope were not statistically significantly associated with the use of desmopressin.

CONCLUSION

Our study did not find any utility of prophylactic desmopressin use before kidney biopsy in patients with kidney dysfunction.