Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310000, China.
Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310000, China.
Life Sci. 2024 Oct 1;354:122947. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122947. Epub 2024 Aug 8.
Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) is considered to be a low-grade inflammatory disease involving multiple joint tissues. The crosstalk between synovium and cartilage plays an important role in TMJOA. Synovial cells are a group of heterogeneous cells and synovial microenvironment is mainly composed of synovial fibroblasts (SF) and synovial macrophages. In TMJOA, SF and synovial macrophages release a large number of inflammatory cytokines and extracellular vesicles and promote cartilage destruction. Cartilage wear particles stimulate SF proliferation and macrophages activation and exacerbate synovitis. In TMJOA, chondrocytes and synovial cells exhibit increased glycolytic activity and lactate secretion, leading to impaired chondrocyte matrix synthesis. Additionally, the synovium contains mesenchymal stem cells, which are the seed cells for cartilage repair in TMJOA. Co-culture of chondrocytes and synovial mesenchymal stem cells enhances the chondrogenic differentiation of stem cells. This review discusses the pathological changes of synovium in TMJOA, the means of crosstalk between synovium and cartilage, and their influence on each other. Based on the crosstalk between synovium and cartilage in TMJOA, we illustrate the treatment strategies for improving synovial microenvironment, including reducing cell adhesion, utilizing extracellular vesicles to deliver biomolecules, regulating cellular metabolism and targeting inflammatory cytokines.
颞下颌关节骨关节炎（TMJOA）被认为是一种涉及多种关节组织的低级别炎症性疾病。滑膜和软骨之间的串扰在 TMJOA 中起着重要作用。滑膜细胞是一组异质性细胞，滑膜微环境主要由滑膜成纤维细胞（SF）和滑膜巨噬细胞组成。在 TMJOA 中，SF 和滑膜巨噬细胞释放大量炎症细胞因子和细胞外囊泡，促进软骨破坏。软骨磨损颗粒刺激 SF 增殖和巨噬细胞活化，加重滑膜炎。在 TMJOA 中，软骨细胞和成纤维细胞表现出增强的糖酵解活性和乳酸分泌，导致软骨细胞基质合成受损。此外，滑膜中含有间充质干细胞，它们是 TMJOA 中软骨修复的种子细胞。软骨细胞和成纤维细胞的共培养增强了干细胞的软骨分化。本综述讨论了 TMJOA 中滑膜的病理变化、滑膜和软骨之间的串扰方式及其相互影响。基于 TMJOA 中滑膜和软骨的串扰，我们阐述了改善滑膜微环境的治疗策略，包括减少细胞黏附、利用细胞外囊泡传递生物分子、调节细胞代谢和靶向炎症细胞因子。
