Horváthné Pató Irina, Kresznerits Szilvia, Szekeres Tamás, Zinner-Gérecz Ágnes, Perczel-Forintos Dóra
National Prison, Psychological Department, Szombathely, Hungary.
Mental Health Sciences Division, Doctoral School of Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
Front Psychiatry. 2024 Jul 25;15:1448711. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1448711. eCollection 2024.
The behavioral addiction model posits that repetitive suicidal behaviors can serve as maladaptive strategies for managing stress and negative emotional states, akin to substance addiction. Both behaviors involve negative emotions, offer temporary psychological relief, and persist, indicating shared neurobiological mechanisms. This study explored psychometric differences among major repeaters, occasional attempters, and non-suicidal prisoners.
A multi-centre cross-sectional survey of 363 inmates across four prisons assessed depression, cognitive-emotional regulation, impulsivity, perceived stress, lifetime non-suicidal self-injury and suicide attempts.
Mild depression, moderate suicidal ideation, and moderate impulsivity were common, with nearly half of the participants having attempted suicide at least once. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses revealed that repeated suicidal behavior in the past increases susceptibility to future suicidal thoughts, with suicide attempts serving as a maladaptive emotion regulation strategy among repeated attempters.
The results reveal differences in emotional dysregulation, impulsivity, and stress coping strategies among the studied groups, reinforcing the idea of suicidality as a form of behavioral addiction. The addiction approach helps explain the sensitivity to later suicidal thoughts in former attempters and self-harmers, offering valuable insights for tailored interventions within correctional settings.
行为成瘾模型认为，重复性自杀行为可作为应对压力和负面情绪状态的适应不良策略，类似于物质成瘾。这两种行为都涉及负面情绪，能提供暂时的心理缓解，且会持续存在，表明存在共同的神经生物学机制。本研究探讨了主要重复自杀者、偶尔自杀未遂者和非自杀囚犯之间的心理测量差异。
对四座监狱中的363名囚犯进行多中心横断面调查，评估抑郁、认知情绪调节、冲动性、感知压力、终生非自杀性自伤和自杀未遂情况。
轻度抑郁、中度自杀意念和中度冲动性较为常见，近一半参与者至少有过一次自杀未遂经历。分层多元回归分析显示，过去的重复性自杀行为会增加未来产生自杀念头的易感性，自杀未遂在重复自杀未遂者中是一种适应不良的情绪调节策略。
研究结果揭示了各研究组在情绪调节障碍、冲动性和压力应对策略方面的差异，强化了自杀行为是一种行为成瘾形式的观点。成瘾方法有助于解释既往自杀未遂者和自伤者对后期自杀念头的敏感性，为惩教机构内的针对性干预提供了有价值的见解。
