Corrêa Matias Pereira Camila, Najafi Moghaddam Gilani Vahid, Nazif-Munoz José Ignacio
Service sur les dépendances, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Longueuil, QC, Canada.
Front Psychiatry. 2024 Jul 25;15:1354030. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1354030. eCollection 2024.
Aiming to disseminate information related to suicide prevention in Brazil, the "" campaign has been conducted since 2015. The objective of this study is to assess the association between this campaign and elderly suicide rates over a 12-year period.
Data were gathered from the Mortality Information System and the Notifiable Diseases Information System, established by public institutions in Brazil. An interrupted time-series framework was applied to assess the association between the "" campaign and suicide mortality rates in the elderly population (60 et plus) in the southeastern region of Brazil. We consider three monthly outcomes: all suicides, suicides in males and suicide in females. We operationalize the campaign assuming three effects: short-term, declining and sustained. The period of analysis was from 2011-2022.
The suicide-mortality rate over time has remained stable; the average rate in the pre-campaign period was 0.028 and increased slightly to 0.035. Regardless of the campaign's operationalization and the outcome used, results show no significant associations between the campaign and elderly suicide rates. The campaign was associated with non-significant decreased effects of 15% (P=0.532) in the short term, and 16% (P=0.446) assuming the campaign was sustained.
There is a lack of association between the campaign and suicide rates, among the elderly in Brazil's southeastern region. As suicide is complex and multifactorial, more research is needed. The campaign, while raising awareness and reducing stigma, may not reduce suicides. To reduce the suicide rate in the elderly requires addressing social, economic and cultural factors, multisectoral interventions, and upholding basic human rights.
为了在巴西传播与预防自杀相关的信息，自2015年起开展了“ ”运动。本研究的目的是评估该运动与12年期间老年人自杀率之间的关联。
数据收集自巴西公共机构建立的死亡信息系统和法定传染病信息系统。采用中断时间序列框架来评估“ ”运动与巴西东南部地区老年人口（60岁及以上）自杀死亡率之间的关联。我们考虑三个月度结果：所有自杀情况、男性自杀情况和女性自杀情况。我们假设该运动有三种影响来进行分析：短期影响、下降影响和持续影响。分析期为2011年至2022年。
随着时间推移，自杀死亡率一直保持稳定；运动前时期的平均自杀率为0.028，略有上升至0.035。无论该运动的分析方式以及所使用的结果如何，结果均显示该运动与老年人自杀率之间无显著关联。该运动在短期内与15%的非显著下降影响相关（P = 0.532），假设该运动持续进行，则与16%的非显著下降影响相关（P = 0.446）。
在巴西东南部地区的老年人中，该运动与自杀率之间缺乏关联。由于自杀是复杂且多因素的，因此需要更多研究。该运动虽然提高了认识并减少了污名化，但可能并未降低自杀率。要降低老年人的自杀率，需要解决社会、经济和文化因素，采取多部门干预措施，并维护基本人权。
