ACCePPT Research Laboratory, University Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
Department of General Medicine, University Clermont Auvergne, 28 Place Henri DUNANT, Clermont-Ferrand, 63000, France.
BMC Med Educ. 2024 Aug 9;24(1):857. doi: 10.1186/s12909-024-05857-6.
Collaborative practice in primary health care increases care quality and security. In France, primary health care professionals increasingly work together. The link between general practitioners (GPs) and community pharmacists (CPs) is an important element. Nevertheless, effective collaboration between GPs and CPs is difficult to develop and formalize. Interprofessional education has been identified as a necessary step to prepare "collaborative practice-ready professionals". We aimed to identify the interprofessional training needs of last-year GP and CP students to develop interprofessional collaborations.
We conducted an analysis of training needs using a method inspired by occupational didactics. We collected data through individual semidirective interviews with CPs and GPs in 2022. At each stage we aimed to identify the elements of the occupational didactics to deduce the training needs in the form of a frame of reference: apparent competencies, emblematic situations and acting characteristics. We conducted an initial deductive thematic analysis to identify the apparent competencies of the two professions, the emblematic situations in which these competencies are used, and the acting characteristics used in these situations. We made an inductive categorization to define the collaborative competence and the families of situations and to model the actions of this GP-CP collaboration.
We defined the competency "to collaborate effectively in an interprofessional setting in order to respond to care issues in one's territory" expressed in various professional situations. We described it by three capacities based on two interacting dynamics: one-off exchanges and structured collaborations. Various communication tools facilitate the implementation of these interactions. We modeled the actions of the GP-CP collaboration in the form of a conceptual map.
The collaboration between the CP and the GP implements a competency that could be integrated into their professional referential. This competency, entitled "collaborating effectively in interprofessional settings to respond to care issues in one's territory", is expressed in a variety of professional situations. It is based on two parallel and interacting dynamics: one-off exchanges and a dynamic of lasting collaboration. This study thus lays the groundwork for the development of this collaborative skill among general practice and pharmacy residents.
初级保健中的协作实践可提高医疗质量和安全性。在法国，初级保健专业人员越来越多地合作。全科医生（GP）和社区药剂师（CP）之间的联系是一个重要元素。然而，GP 和 CP 之间的有效协作很难发展和规范化。已经确定，专业间教育是培养“准备好进行协作实践的专业人员”的必要步骤。我们旨在确定最后一年的 GP 和 CP 学生的专业间培训需求，以发展专业间协作。
我们使用受职业教学法启发的方法分析了培训需求。我们通过 2022 年对 CP 和 GP 的个人半结构化访谈收集数据。在每个阶段，我们都旨在确定职业教学法的要素，以便以参考框架的形式推断出培训需求：明显的能力、标志性的情况和行为特征。我们进行了初步的演绎主题分析，以确定两种职业的明显能力、使用这些能力的标志性情况以及在这些情况下使用的行为特征。我们进行了归纳分类，以定义协作能力和情况的家族，并对这种 GP-CP 协作的行动进行建模。
我们定义了“在跨专业环境中有效协作，以解决其所在地区的护理问题”这一能力，该能力在各种专业情况下都有所体现。我们基于两个相互作用的动态，通过三个能力来描述它：一次性交流和结构化合作。各种沟通工具促进了这些互动的实施。我们以概念图的形式对 GP-CP 协作的行动进行了建模。
CP 和 GP 的合作实施了一项能力，这项能力可以纳入他们的专业参考框架中。这种名为“在跨专业环境中有效协作，以解决其所在地区的护理问题”的能力，在各种专业情况下都有所体现。它基于两个平行且相互作用的动态：一次性交流和持久合作的动态。因此，这项研究为全科医学和药学住院医师发展这种协作技能奠定了基础。
