Salamanca-Carreño Arcesio, Parés-Casanova Pere Miquel, Vélez-Terranova Mauricio, Martínez-Correal Germán
Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Villavicencio 50001, Colombia.
Department de Bromatologia, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, 08018 Barcelona, Spain.
Animals (Basel). 2024 Aug 4;14(15):2261. doi: 10.3390/ani14152261.
Asymmetric studies can indicate disturbances in the developmental process. Fluctuating asymmetry (FA) is considered an indicator of stress. The Sanmartinero (SM) creole bovine is native to the department of Meta (Colombian Orinoquia) and its adaptation process has allowed it to live in extreme tropical environments. The aim of this cross-sectional and descriptive study was to present the current state of the knowledge of asymmetries in some cephalic characters of the SM creole bovine. A total of 94 animals were studied (18 uncastrated males and 76 females) from three different farms, with an age range of 0.5-10 years. For each animal, two measurements of the ear (width and length) and two measurements of the horn (perimeter and length) were obtained in vivo. The degree of asymmetry was calculated as (R - L)/(R + L). Bilateral differences pointed towards a fluctuating asymmetry (e.g., a random variation in the trait that is expected to be perfectly symmetrical) biased towards right for ear width and horn perimeter, and towards left for ear and horn length. Since the development of these structures-ears and horns-is under the control of the same set of genes, the fluctuating asymmetry could constitute a reflection of a normal condition.
非对称研究可以表明发育过程中的紊乱情况。波动不对称性（FA）被视为压力的一个指标。桑马丁内罗（SM）克里奥尔牛原产于梅塔省（哥伦比亚奥里诺科地区），其适应过程使其能够在极端热带环境中生存。这项横断面描述性研究的目的是呈现关于SM克里奥尔牛头面部某些特征不对称性的现有知识状况。共研究了来自三个不同农场的94头动物（18头未阉割雄性和76头雌性），年龄范围为0.5至10岁。对每头动物在活体状态下进行了两次耳部测量（宽度和长度）以及两次角部测量（周长和长度）。不对称程度的计算方法为（R - L）/（R + L）。双侧差异表明存在波动不对称性（例如，该性状的随机变化预期应是完全对称的），耳部宽度和角部周长偏向右侧，耳部和角部长度偏向左侧。由于这些结构（耳朵和角）的发育受同一组基因控制，波动不对称性可能构成正常状况的一种反映。
