Clinical Department 9, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.
Prof. Dr. Agrippa Ionescu Clinical Emergency Hospital, 077016 Bucharest, Romania.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Jul 24;25(15):8067. doi: 10.3390/ijms25158067.
Exercise training is a valuable tool for improving body weight and composition in overweight or obese adults, which leads to a negative energy balance. It is relevant to consider whether exercise can help people lose weight or prevent weight gain because any energy expended in exercise increases the severity of hunger and promotes food consumption. Over the past decade, the identification of the circulating peptide ghrelin, which alerts the brain to the body's nutritional state, has significantly expanded our understanding of this homeostatic mechanism that controls appetite and body weight. To shed more light on this issue, we decided to investigate the effects of resistance and endurance training on plasma ghrelin and leptin levels. In addition, we sought to understand the mechanisms by which acute and chronic exercise can regulate hunger. This review analyzes studies published in the last fifteen years that focused on changes suffered by ghrelin, leptin, or both after physical exercise in overweight or obese individuals. Most studies have shown a decrease in leptin levels and an increase in ghrelin levels in these cases. Exercise regimens that support weight maintenance need further investigation.
运动训练是改善超重或肥胖成年人体重和成分的有效工具，这会导致能量负平衡。考虑运动是否有助于人们减肥或预防体重增加是很重要的，因为运动中消耗的任何能量都会增加饥饿感的严重程度，并促进食物摄入。在过去的十年中，循环肽 ghrelin 的发现极大地扩展了我们对控制食欲和体重的这种体内平衡机制的理解，ghrelin 会向大脑提示身体的营养状态。为了更深入地研究这个问题，我们决定研究抗阻训练和耐力训练对血浆 ghrelin 和 leptin 水平的影响。此外，我们还试图了解急性和慢性运动如何调节饥饿感。本综述分析了过去十五年中发表的研究，这些研究主要关注超重或肥胖个体进行身体运动后 ghrelin、leptin 或两者的变化。大多数研究表明，在这些情况下，leptin 水平下降，ghrelin 水平升高。支持维持体重的运动方案需要进一步研究。
