Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Radoja Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Aug 1;25(15):8395. doi: 10.3390/ijms25158395.
The negative environmental and social impacts of food waste accumulation can be mitigated by utilizing bio-refineries' approach where food waste is revalorized into high-value products, such as prodigiosin (PG), using microbial bioprocesses. The diverse biological activities of PG position it as a promising compound, but its high production cost and promiscuous bioactivity hinder its wide application. Metal ions can modulate the electronic properties of organic molecules, leading to novel mechanisms of action and increased target potency, while metal complex formation can improve the stability, solubility and bioavailability of the parent compound. The objectives of this study were optimizing PG production through bacterial fermentation using food waste, allowing good quantities of the pure natural product for further synthesizing and evaluating copper(II) and zinc(II) complexes with it. Their antimicrobial and anticancer activities were assessed, and their binding affinity toward biologically important molecules, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and DNA was investigated by fluorescence emission spectroscopy and molecular docking. The yield of 83.1 mg/L of pure PG was obtained when processed meat waste at 18 g/L was utilized as the sole fermentation substrate. The obtained complexes CuPG and ZnPG showed high binding affinity towards target site III of BSA, and molecular docking simulations highlighted the affinity of the compounds for DNA minor grooves.
利用生物精炼厂的方法可以减轻食物浪费积累对环境和社会造成的负面影响,该方法将食物垃圾重新利用为高价值产品,例如微生物生物过程中的灵菌红素(PG)。PG 的多种生物活性使其成为一种有前途的化合物,但由于其高生产成本和混杂的生物活性,限制了其广泛应用。金属离子可以调节有机分子的电子性质,从而产生新的作用机制和提高靶标效力,而金属配合物的形成可以提高母体化合物的稳定性、溶解度和生物利用度。本研究的目的是通过利用食物垃圾进行细菌发酵来优化 PG 的生产,从而获得大量的纯天然产物,用于进一步合成和评估其与铜(II)和锌(II)的配合物。通过荧光发射光谱和分子对接研究了它们对生物重要分子牛血清白蛋白(BSA)和 DNA 的结合亲和力以及它们的抗菌和抗癌活性。当以 18 g/L 的加工肉废物作为唯一发酵底物时,可获得 83.1 mg/L 的纯 PG 产量。所得的配合物 CuPG 和 ZnPG 对 BSA 靶位 III 具有高结合亲和力,分子对接模拟突出了化合物对 DNA 小沟的亲和力。