Gastroenterology Group, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland.
Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Digestive Healthcare Center, Clarunis, 4002 Basel, Switzerland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Aug 5;25(15):8534. doi: 10.3390/ijms25158534.
Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are chronic inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, with EoE predominantly provoked by food and aeroallergens, whereas IBD is driven by a broader spectrum of immunopathological and environmental triggers. This review presents a comprehensive comparison of the pathophysiological and therapeutic strategies for EoE and IBD. We examine the current understanding of their underlying mechanisms, particularly the interplay between environmental factors and genetic susceptibility. A crucial element in both diseases is the integrity of the epithelial barrier, whose disruption plays a central role in their pathogenesis. The involvement of eosinophils, mast cells, B cells, T cells, dendritic cells, macrophages, and their associated cytokines is examined, highlighting the importance of targeting cytokine signaling pathways to modulate immune-epithelial interactions. We propose that advances in computation tools will uncover the significance of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) in connecting immune and epithelial cells, leading to novel therapies for EoE and IBD.
嗜酸粒细胞性食管炎（EoE）和炎症性肠病（IBD）是胃肠道的慢性炎症性疾病，EoE 主要由食物和过敏原引起，而 IBD 则由更广泛的免疫病理和环境触发因素驱动。本综述全面比较了 EoE 和 IBD 的病理生理和治疗策略。我们研究了它们潜在机制的现有理解，特别是环境因素和遗传易感性之间的相互作用。上皮屏障的完整性是这两种疾病的关键因素，其破坏在发病机制中起着核心作用。我们研究了嗜酸性粒细胞、肥大细胞、B 细胞、T 细胞、树突状细胞、巨噬细胞及其相关细胞因子的参与，强调了靶向细胞因子信号通路来调节免疫-上皮相互作用的重要性。我们提出，计算工具的进步将揭示 G 蛋白偶联受体（GPCR）在连接免疫和上皮细胞方面的重要性，为 EoE 和 IBD 带来新的治疗方法。
