Hare E H
Psychiatr Dev. 1985 Winter;3(4):383-92.
The paper continues a review of clinical conditions and dilemmas which featured in Asylum practice during the years 1850-1950 in Britain. The rise and fall of 'Physiognomy' as a diagnostic aid and as an indicator of quality of asylum care is outlined. The problem of incontinence and the use of the ice cold douche as a therapeutic intervention in this and other forms of 'indolence or perversion' is reviewed from the writings of those who expressed opinions of these subjects at the time. Likewise, Destructive Behaviour, which was dealt with by means of 'strong clothes', presented a familiar problem. As in Part I of this review, the author concludes with a discussion of the causes and consequences of the changing faces of conditions seen in psychiatric hospitals. Viewed from the present, the changing nature of asylum insanity is apt to be forgotten and adverse judgment is apt to be applied to past practices.
本文继续回顾1850年至1950年间英国精神病院医疗实践中出现的临床病症及困境。文中概述了“相面术”作为诊断辅助手段以及精神病院护理质量指标的兴衰。从当时对这些问题发表意见者的著作中，审视了失禁问题以及使用冰冷冲洗法对这种及其他形式的“怠惰或乖戾”进行治疗干预的情况。同样，通过“紧身约束衣”来处理的破坏性行为也是一个常见问题。与本综述的第一部分一样，作者最后讨论了精神病院中病症面貌变化的原因及后果。从当下的视角来看，精神病院精神错乱状况的变化本质容易被遗忘，而且往往会对过去的做法作出负面评判。
