太极拳运动对绝经后妇女骨骼健康和防跌倒的影响：一项荟萃分析。
Effect of Tai Chi exercise on bone health and fall prevention in postmenopausal women: a meta-analysis.
机构信息
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Quanzhou First Hospital of Fujian Province, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China.
Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
出版信息
J Orthop Surg Res. 2024 Aug 10;19(1):471. doi: 10.1186/s13018-024-04962-y.
BACKGROUND
The bone status of postmenopausal women is worsening. In fact, postmenopausal period is the high incidence stage of osteoporosis and falls. Notably, a recent study has pointed out that exercise can improve bone health in postmenopausal women. However, the effect of Tai Chi exercise on postmenopausal women is controversial. Therefore, a meta-analysis was designed to analyze the effect of Tai Chi exercise on bone health and fall prevention in postmenopausal women.
METHODS
The researches on Tai Chi improving the bone health of postmenopausal women before August 31, 2023 were collected from Chinese and English databases, such as PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science, etc. The risk of bias of the included studies was assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials. Besides, R software 4.3.1 was employed to analyze the effect sizes in the meta-analysis to summarize the impact of Tai Chi on vertebral bone mineral density, serum calcium, clinical balance scores, the number of falls, total falls, and health status scores in postmenopausal women.
RESULTS
There were 12 studies eventually included in this meta-analysis. A total of 1,272 postmenopausal women were involved, including 628 in the experimental group (intervention with Tai Chi exercise) and 644 in the control group (without any intervention). Briefly, postmenopausal women practicing Tai Chi presented a significant increase in vertebral bone density [standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.37, 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.04-0.71), P = 0.03] and health status score [SMD = 0.25, 95% CI (0.01-0.49), P = 0.04]. In contrast, there were no significant differences for postmenopausal women between the two groups in terms of serum calcium [SMD = -0.01, 95% CI (-0.39, 0.36), P = 0.77], clinical balance [SMD = 0.17, 95% CI (-0.01, 0.46), P = 0.23], number of falls [SMD = -0.61, 95% CI (-1.24, 0.02), P = 0.06] and total falls [odds ratio = 0.35, 95% CI (0.11-1.12), P = 0.07].
CONCLUSION
Tai Chi exercise can improve the bone mineral density of postmenopausal women, thereby maintaining bone health. Hence, Tai Chi exercise is necessary to prevent osteoporosis.
背景
绝经后女性的骨骼状况正在恶化。事实上，绝经后时期是骨质疏松症和跌倒的高发阶段。值得注意的是，最近的一项研究指出，运动可以改善绝经后女性的骨骼健康。然而，太极拳运动对绝经后女性的影响仍存在争议。因此，设计了一项荟萃分析，以分析太极拳运动对绝经后女性骨骼健康和跌倒预防的影响。
方法
检索了截止到 2023 年 8 月 31 日，来自 PubMed、Embase 和 Web of Science 等中文和英文数据库的关于太极拳改善绝经后女性骨骼健康的研究。使用 Cochrane 随机试验偏倚风险工具评估纳入研究的偏倚风险。此外，使用 R 软件 4.3.1 分析荟萃分析中的效应大小，以总结太极拳对绝经后女性椎体骨密度、血清钙、临床平衡评分、跌倒次数、总跌倒次数和健康状况评分的影响。
结果
最终纳入了 12 项研究。共有 1272 名绝经后女性参与，其中 628 名在实验组（接受太极拳运动干预），644 名在对照组（未接受任何干预）。简要来说，练习太极拳的绝经后女性椎体骨密度显著增加[标准化均数差（SMD）=0.37，95%置信区间（CI）（0.04-0.71），P=0.03]，健康状况评分也显著提高[SMD=0.25，95% CI（0.01-0.49），P=0.04]。相比之下，两组间的血清钙[SMD=-0.01，95% CI（-0.39，0.36），P=0.77]、临床平衡[SMD=0.17，95% CI（-0.01，0.46），P=0.23]、跌倒次数[SMD=-0.61，95% CI（-1.24，0.02），P=0.06]和总跌倒次数[比值比（OR）=0.35，95% CI（0.11-1.12），P=0.07]均无显著差异。
结论
太极拳运动可以提高绝经后女性的骨密度，从而维持骨骼健康。因此，太极拳运动对于预防骨质疏松症是必要的。
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