Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
Microb Pathog. 2024 Oct;195:106846. doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106846. Epub 2024 Aug 10.
Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is responsible for a wide range of human infections, including skin and mucosal ulcers, encephalitis, and keratitis. The gold standard for treating HSV-1 infections is acyclovir. However, the use of this drug is associated with several limitations such as toxic reactions and the development of drug-resistant strains. So, there is an urgent need to discover and develop novel and effective agents against this virus. For the first time, this study aimed to investigate the antiviral effects of the Thermally Expanded Graphite (TEG)-copper oxide (CuO) nanocomposite against HSV-1 and compare results with its constituent components. After microwave (MW)-assisted synthesis of TEG and CuO nanosheets as well as MW-CuO/TEG nanocomposite and characterization of all these nanomaterials, an MTT assay was used to determine their cytotoxicity. The quantitative real-time PCR was then used to investigate the effects of these nanomaterials on viral load. Three-hour incubation of HSV-1 with TEG nanosheets (500 μg/mL), MW-CuO nanosheets (15 μg/mL), and MW-CuO/TEG nanocomposite (35 μg/mL) resulted in a decrease in viral load with an inhibition rate of 31.4 %, 49.2 %, and 74.4 %, respectively. The results from the post-treatment assay also showed that TEG nanosheets (600 μg/mL), MW-CuO nanosheets (15 μg/mL), and MW-CuO/TEG nanocomposite (10 μg/mL) led to a remarkable decrease in viral load with an inhibition rate of 56.9 %, 63 %, and 99.9 %, respectively. The combination of TEG and MW-CuO nanosheets together and the formation of a nanocomposite structure display strong synergy in their ability to inhibit HSV-1 infection. MW-CuO/TEG nanocomposites can be considered a suitable candidate for the treatment of HSV-1 infection.
单纯疱疹病毒 1 型（HSV-1）可引起多种人类感染，包括皮肤和黏膜溃疡、脑炎和角膜炎。治疗 HSV-1 感染的金标准是阿昔洛韦。然而，该药物的使用存在多种局限性，如毒副作用和耐药株的产生。因此，迫切需要发现和开发针对这种病毒的新型有效药物。本研究首次旨在研究热膨胀石墨（TEG）-氧化铜（CuO）纳米复合材料对 HSV-1 的抗病毒作用，并将结果与各组成成分进行比较。通过微波（MW）辅助合成 TEG 和 CuO 纳米片以及 MW-CuO/TEG 纳米复合材料，并对所有这些纳米材料进行表征后，采用 MTT 法测定其细胞毒性。然后，采用定量实时 PCR 法研究这些纳米材料对病毒载量的影响。将 HSV-1 与 TEG 纳米片（500μg/mL）、MW-CuO 纳米片（15μg/mL）和 MW-CuO/TEG 纳米复合材料（35μg/mL）孵育 3 小时，病毒载量分别降低了 31.4%、49.2%和 74.4%。后续处理试验的结果还表明，TEG 纳米片（600μg/mL）、MW-CuO 纳米片（15μg/mL）和 MW-CuO/TEG 纳米复合材料（10μg/mL）可使病毒载量显著降低，抑制率分别为 56.9%、63%和 99.9%。TEG 和 MW-CuO 纳米片的结合以及纳米复合材料结构的形成在抑制 HSV-1 感染方面显示出很强的协同作用。MW-CuO/TEG 纳米复合材料可被视为治疗 HSV-1 感染的合适候选药物。
