Medic Belmina Saric, Tomic Nikolina, Lagopati Nefeli, Gazouli Maria, Pojskic Lejla
Laboratory for Human Genetics, Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Sarajevo, Zmaja od Bosne 8, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Laboratory of Biology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Str., 11527 Athens, Greece.
Molecules. 2024 Nov 25;29(23):5551. doi: 10.3390/molecules29235551.
Nanotechnology has seen significant growth in the past few decades, with the use of nanomaterials reaching a wide scale. Given that antimicrobial resistance is peaking, nanotechnology holds distinct potential in this area. This review discusses recent applications of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles as antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral agents, particularly focusing on their topical applications and their role in chronic wound therapy. We explore their use in various forms, including coated, encapsulated, and incorporated in hydrogels or as complexes, proposing them as topical antimicrobials with promising properties. Some studies have shown that metal and metal oxide nanoparticles can exhibit cytotoxic and genotoxic effects, while others have found no such properties. These effects depend on factors such as nanoparticle size, shape, concentration, and other characteristics. It is essential to establish the dose or concentration associated with potential toxic effects and to investigate the severity of these effects to determine a threshold below which metal or metal oxide nanoparticles will not produce negative outcomes. Therefore, further research should focus on safety assessments, ensuring that metal and metal oxide nanoparticles can be safely used as therapeutics in biomedical sciences.
在过去几十年中，纳米技术取得了显著发展，纳米材料的应用范围广泛。鉴于抗菌耐药性正处于高峰期，纳米技术在这一领域具有独特的潜力。本文综述了金属和金属氧化物纳米颗粒作为抗菌、抗真菌和抗病毒剂的最新应用，特别关注它们的局部应用以及在慢性伤口治疗中的作用。我们探讨了它们以各种形式的使用，包括涂层、封装以及掺入水凝胶或作为复合物，提出它们作为具有良好性能的局部抗菌剂。一些研究表明，金属和金属氧化物纳米颗粒可能表现出细胞毒性和遗传毒性作用，而其他研究则未发现此类特性。这些作用取决于纳米颗粒的大小、形状、浓度和其他特征等因素。确定与潜在毒性作用相关的剂量或浓度，并研究这些作用的严重程度以确定一个阈值，低于该阈值金属或金属氧化物纳米颗粒不会产生负面结果至关重要。因此，进一步的研究应集中在安全性评估上，确保金属和金属氧化物纳米颗粒能够在生物医学科学中作为治疗剂安全使用。
