Rodger Jessica R, Guthrie Jemma, Honkanen Hannele M, Lothian Angus J, Lilly Jessie, Walters Marcus, Miller Richie, Hawkins Lorraine, Reeve Al, Ribbens Jamie, Henderson Jim, Parke Debbie, Green Amy, Shields Brian A, Ramsden Philip, Fletcher Melanie, Kettle-White Alan, Shaw Brian, Burns Stephen, Laughton Robert, Conroy Chris, Daphne Chris, Williams Keith, Robertson Sean, Bean Colin W, Del Villar Diego, Waters Catherine, Rosell Robert, Cotter Deirdre, Smith Melanie, Maoiléidigh Niall Ó, Kennedy Richard, Adams Colin E
Scottish Centre for Ecology and the Natural Environment, School of Biodiversity, One Health and Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
Atlantic Salmon Trust, Perth, UK.
J Fish Biol. 2025 May;106(5):1585-1600. doi: 10.1111/jfb.15884. Epub 2024 Aug 12.
There is some evidence that the river migration success of Atlantic salmon smolts, on their first migration to sea, varies both spatially and temporally. However, we have only a poor understanding of what may be driving this variation. In this study, we used acoustic telemetry to quantify the spatial and temporal variations in river migration success in Atlantic salmon smolts on their first migration to sea. In total 4120 Atlantic salmon smolts migrating through 22 rivers in Scotland, England, Ireland, and Northern Ireland over multiple years were included in the study. Individuals were defined as successful migrants if detected leaving the river to enter marine waters. The results show significant temporal (up to 4 years) and spatial (river) variations in migration success, with overall between-river migration success varying from 3.4% to 97.0% and between years from 3.4% and 61.0%. Temporal variation in migration success was river specific, with some rivers being more temporally stable (exhibiting little variation between years) than others. Across all rivers and years, individual migration success was predicted positively by body condition and negatively by tag burden. The rate of migration success for a population (migration success standardized to a common river distance [proportion km]) was predicted by a number of environmental factors. The proportion of river catchment that comprised wetland and woodland positively predicted migration success, whereas the proportion of grassland and peatland in a catchment negatively predicted the rate of migration success. Although the mechanisms through which these effects may be operating were not directly examined in this study, we discuss some potential routes through which they may occur.
有证据表明，大西洋鲑鱼幼鱼首次洄游入海时，其在河流中的洄游成功率存在时空差异。然而，我们对导致这种差异的原因了解甚少。在本研究中，我们使用声学遥测技术来量化大西洋鲑鱼幼鱼首次洄游入海时河流洄游成功率的时空变化。该研究共纳入了多年来在苏格兰、英格兰、爱尔兰和北爱尔兰的22条河流中洄游的4120条大西洋鲑鱼幼鱼。如果检测到个体离开河流进入海水，则将其定义为成功洄游者。结果显示，洄游成功率在时间上（长达4年）和空间上（河流）存在显著差异，河流间的总体洄游成功率从3.4%到97.0%不等，年份间从3.4%到61.0%不等。洄游成功率的时间变化因河流而异，一些河流在时间上更为稳定（年份间变化较小）。在所有河流和年份中，个体洄游成功率与身体状况呈正相关，与标记负担呈负相关。种群的洄游成功率（将洄游成功率标准化为共同的河流距离[每公里比例]）由多种环境因素预测。河流集水区中湿地和林地的比例对洄游成功率有正向预测作用，而集水区中草地和泥炭地的比例对洄游成功率有负向预测作用。尽管本研究未直接考察这些影响可能发挥作用的机制，但我们讨论了它们可能发生的一些潜在途径。
