Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, 570311 Haikou, Hainan, China.
Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, 570311 Haikou, Hainan, China.
Actas Esp Psiquiatr. 2024 Aug;52(4):420-427. doi: 10.62641/aep.v52i4.1643.
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive decline, behavioral changes, and functional impairments. Apathy, a common symptom in Alzheimer's disease, refers to a lack of motivation, interest, and emotional responsiveness. It can significantly impact patients' quality of life and increase caregiver burden. This study aimed to determine the effects of a diversified rehabilitation program combined with donepezil on apathy, cognitive function, and family caregiver burden of Alzheimer's disease patients.
A total of 105 Alzheimer's disease patients treated at our hospital between January 2020 and January 2023 were selected and analyzed retrospectively. They were assigned to the control group (n = 50) or the observation group (n = 55). The two groups did not differ in terms of general data such as age and sex. All patients were treated with donepezil orally. The control group was given routine nursing, whereas the observation group was given a diversified rehabilitation program intervention, including cognitive training and emotional support. The Hasegawa's dementia scale, mini-mental state examination, and Montreal cognitive assessment scale were adopted to evaluate the cognitive function of the two groups before and after treatment. A caregiver burden scale, the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI) and the Apathy Evaluation Scale Informant version (AES-I) were used to evaluate the caregiver burden and apathy of the two groups.
A significantly higher overall response rate to treatment was found in the observation group (94.55%) than in the control group (80.00%) (p = 0.024). After treatment, scores on the Hasegawa's dementia scale, mini-mental state examination, and Montreal cognitive assessment scale of the two groups increased to varying degrees, with greater increases in the observation group than in the control group (p < 0.05). The ZBI and AES-I scores of the two groups decreased to different degrees after treatment, with greater decreases in the observation group than in the control group (p < 0.05).
A diversified rehabilitation program combined with donepezil can substantially alleviate the apathy of Alzheimer's disease patients, improve their cognitive function, and reduce the burden on their families.
阿尔茨海默病是一种进行性神经退行性疾病，其特征是认知能力下降、行为改变和功能障碍。淡漠是阿尔茨海默病的常见症状，是指缺乏动力、兴趣和情感反应。它会显著影响患者的生活质量并增加照顾者的负担。本研究旨在确定多元化康复方案联合多奈哌齐对阿尔茨海默病患者淡漠、认知功能和家庭照顾者负担的影响。
回顾性分析了 2020 年 1 月至 2023 年 1 月我院收治的 105 例阿尔茨海默病患者，将其分为对照组（n=50）和观察组（n=55）。两组在年龄、性别等一般资料方面无差异。所有患者均口服多奈哌齐治疗。对照组给予常规护理，观察组给予多元化康复方案干预，包括认知训练和情感支持。采用长谷川痴呆量表、简易精神状态检查量表和蒙特利尔认知评估量表评估两组治疗前后认知功能。采用照顾者负担量表、Zarit 负担量表（ZBI）和淡漠评估量表家属版（AES-I）评估两组照顾者负担和淡漠程度。
观察组的总治疗反应率（94.55%）明显高于对照组（80.00%）（p=0.024）。治疗后，两组长谷川痴呆量表、简易精神状态检查量表和蒙特利尔认知评估量表评分均有不同程度的升高，观察组升高幅度大于对照组（p<0.05）。治疗后两组 ZBI 和 AES-I 评分均有不同程度的降低，观察组降低幅度大于对照组（p<0.05）。
多元化康复方案联合多奈哌齐可显著减轻阿尔茨海默病患者的淡漠症状，改善认知功能，减轻家庭负担。
