Social Vulnerability Index and Cardiovascular Disease Care Continuum: A Scoping Review.

BACKGROUND

Social vulnerability index (SVI) estimates the vulnerability of communities to disasters, encompassing 4 separate domains (socioeconomic, household composition and disability, minority status and language, and housing and transportation). The SVI has been linked with risk and outcomes of cardiovascular disease (CVD).

OBJECTIVES

This scoping review explored the literature between the SVI and CVD continuum, with a goal to identify gaps in understanding the impact of the SVI on CVD and to elucidate future research opportunities.

METHODS

We systematically searched 7 databases from inception to May 19, 2023, for articles that explored the relationship between the SVI and CVD care continuum, including prevention, diagnosis and prevalence, treatment, and health outcomes. Extracted data included SVI ranking type, populations, outcomes, and quality of studies.

RESULTS

Twelve studies evaluated the impact of SVI on the CVD continuum. Five studies explored mortality outcomes, 3 studies explored CVD risk factor prevalence, 4 studies explored CVD prevalence, 1 study explored access to health care in those with CVD, 1 study explored the use of cardiac rehabilitation services, and 1 study explored heart failure readmission rates, all of which revealed statistically significant associations with SVI. All studies included the SVI aggregate percentile ranking, while 5 studies focused on individual thematic components. We identified gaps in understanding the SVI's impact on CVD care continuum, particularly regarding CVD prevention and early detection.

CONCLUSIONS

This review provides a comprehensive understanding of the SVI's application in assessing various aspects of the CVD care continuum and highlights potential avenues for future research.