Barua Hrishika, Acharjee Mahima Ranjan, Talukder Avijit
Department of Marine Bioresource Science, Faculty of Fisheries, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chattogram, 4225, Bangladesh.
Division of Marine Science, School of Ocean Science and Engineering, The University of Southern Mississippi, Stennis Space Center, MS, 39529, USA.
Heliyon. 2024 Jul 16;10(14):e34745. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34745. eCollection 2024 Jul 30.
Over recent decades, coastal and marine tourism has significantly contributed to the degradation of coastal features and ecosystems. This study employs the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services (ES) and Trade-offs (InVEST) software to assess the impact of nature-based tourism activities over 13-year periods, particularly focusing on the exposed coast of Bangladesh where most touristic activities occur. The visitation rate from the InVEST model showed a gradual increase from 2005 to 2012, followed by a decline until 2017. The western coast recorded a visitation rate ranging from 1 to 72 (low to moderate), while the eastern coast ranged between 16 and 343 (moderate to high). The real-time data of visitation rate (RTD) for the Sundarbans generally aligns with the model outputs, although occasional irregularities exist in certain years, attributed to local geomorphological inaccessibility and technological limitations. Along the central coast, the visitation rate varied from 2 to 50 (low rate) Photo-User Day (PUD) index. The findings offer valuable insights for future policymaking, facilitating the effective management of tourist sites and promoting sustainable blue economic development in this diverse and vulnerable exposed coastal zone.
在最近几十年里，沿海和海洋旅游业对沿海地貌和生态系统的退化产生了重大影响。本研究采用生态系统服务（ES）与权衡综合评估（InVEST）软件，评估基于自然的旅游活动在13年期间的影响，特别关注孟加拉国大部分旅游活动发生的暴露海岸。InVEST模型的游客到访率显示，从2005年到2012年逐渐上升，随后到2017年有所下降。西海岸的游客到访率为1至72（低到中等），而东海岸则在16至343之间（中等至高）。孙德尔本斯的实时游客到访率（RTD）数据总体上与模型输出一致，尽管在某些年份偶尔存在不规则情况，这归因于当地地貌难以到达以及技术限制。沿着中部海岸，游客到访率从2到50（低到访率）不等，采用照片使用者日（PUD）指数。这些发现为未来的政策制定提供了有价值的见解，有助于有效管理旅游景点，并促进这个多样且脆弱的暴露沿海地区的蓝色经济可持续发展。
